Battery Micro-Short Detection Using a Virtual Reference Model
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery micro-short circuit detection methods are inaccurate and difficult to implement, especially in large battery packs, due to high hardware requirements and the challenge of distinguishing between micro-short circuits and other faults, leading to a high probability of erroneous fault determination.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that utilize a virtual reference battery to simulate the operating status of a target battery, allowing for the detection of micro-short circuits by comparing parameter values such as terminal voltage, current, and state-of-charge, thereby improving accuracy and reducing erroneous determinations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If equivalent internal resistance calculation method is used for micro-short circuit detection, then detection capability is provided, but hardware requirements increase and implementation difficulty increases for large battery packs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a virtual reference battery that copies the electrical characteristics and aging progression of the target battery. This virtual model allows detection of micro-short circuits through parameter comparison without requiring complex hardware circuits, thereby reducing implementation difficulty while maintaining detection capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a virtual reference battery as an intermediary between the target battery and the detection system. This intermediary serves as a dynamic baseline for comparison, enabling detection of deviations caused by micro-short circuits without direct complex measurement circuits
2Reliability
If equivalent internal resistance difference method is used, then micro-short circuit detection is enabled, but erroneous determination probability increases due to battery inconsistency
Solution Approach 1:
The virtual reference battery is constructed to replicate the specific aging characteristics and electrical parameters of the target battery. By copying the individual battery's unique profile rather than using a generic reference, the system can distinguish between normal aging variations and actual micro-short circuit conditions, reducing false positives
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary characterization of the target battery to establish its virtual reference model before detection begins. This preliminary action captures the battery's unique aging trajectory, allowing the system to account for normal variations and focus detection on abnormal deviations indicating micro-short circuits
Data Source
AI summary
A battery micro-short circuit detection method and apparatus are disclosed. The method includes: obtaining a target initial battery parameter value of a target battery at an initial moment, and determining a reference initial battery parameter value of a virtual reference battery at the initial moment, where a response of the virtual reference battery is the same as a response of the target battery when a same excitation condition is given; obtaining a target battery parameter value of the target battery at a specified moment; determining a reference battery parameter value of the virtual reference battery at the specified moment based on the target battery parameter value and the reference initial battery parameter; and calculating a difference between the target battery parameter value and the reference battery parameter value, and determining, based on the difference, that the target battery is micro-short-circuited.