Battery Module Voltage Regulation via Bypass Switches
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Solution Overview
Problem
Power supply devices using capacitors face issues with output voltage fluctuations and imbalanced state-of-charge, leading to inefficiencies and increased costs when replacing capacitors with secondary batteries, which can result in overcharging and degradation of battery characteristics.
Innovation Solution
A power supply device with a battery module configured in series, featuring multiple battery banks, discharging and charging switches, and a control device that adjusts output voltage and charging current based on the state-of-charge of each battery bank to maintain a stable output and prevent overcharging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If a switching power supply is used to maintain constant output voltage, then output voltage stability is improved, but electrical power loss increases and device size and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the switching power supply component from the system entirely. Instead of using a switching power supply to regulate output voltage, the patent uses a bypass circuit that directly connects capacitors in parallel when their voltage drops, eliminating the need for complex switching regulation and reducing both power loss and device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs simple bypass switches and direct capacitor connections rather than expensive switching power supply components. The bypass circuit uses basic electronic components (switches, capacitors, voltage detection circuits) that are cheaper and more reliable than switching power supply modules, achieving voltage stability through a simpler, more cost-effective approach.
2Device complexity
If a bypass circuit is used to prevent output voltage fluctuations, then switching power supply is eliminated, but state-of-charge imbalance of capacitors occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The invention implements feedback control through voltage detection circuits that continuously monitor the voltage across each capacitor. When a capacitor's voltage drops below a threshold, the corresponding bypass switch is activated to connect it in parallel with other capacitors, equalizing the voltage and preventing state-of-charge imbalance. This feedback mechanism maintains capacitor balance without requiring complex control systems.
3Quantity of substance
If secondary batteries are used instead of capacitors to increase power supply capacity, then electrical power storage is improved, but state-of-charge imbalance leads to overcharging and battery degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses feedback control through state-of-charge detection circuits that monitor each battery's charge level. Based on this feedback, the control device activates specific bypass switches to connect or disconnect individual batteries from the series string, ensuring that no battery becomes overcharged or discharged. This maintains battery reliability and prevents degradation while maximizing power storage capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention dynamically reconfigures the battery connections by selectively activating bypass switches based on real-time state-of-charge conditions. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to adapt to varying battery states, optimizing power distribution and preventing overcharging or undercharging of individual batteries, thereby maintaining system reliability.
4Reliability
If individual charging control is implemented for each battery, then overcharging is prevented, but circuit complexity and charging time increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a universal bypass switch control mechanism that serves multiple functions: it controls both discharge current distribution and charge current distribution across the battery string. The same bypass switches used for discharge control are also used for charge control, eliminating the need for separate charging circuits and reducing overall system complexity while maintaining reliable individual battery management.
Data Source
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AI summary
A power supply device of the present invention is provided with a battery module 10 in which batteries are connected in series; a negative electrode output terminal 22 to which a negative electrode terminal of the battery module 10 is connected; a positive electrode output terminal 21 to which a positive electrode terminal of the battery module 10 and a connection point between predetermined batteries are individually connected through discharging switches SW1 to SW3; an output voltage detecting circuit 40 for detecting an output voltage; a charging current adjusting circuit 30 for adjusting the charging current of the battery module 10; thermistors 14 to 16 for detecting the state-of-charge of the battery module 10; and a control device 50 for controlling the charge and discharge of the battery module 10, wherein the control device 50 includes means for controlling the discharging switches SW1 to SW3, so that the output voltage is within a specific range, and means for controlling the charging current adjusting circuit 30 on the basis of the state-of-charge of each battery of the battery module 10.