Battery Module Partitioned Exhaust Duct Thermal Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery modules face safety risks due to high-temperature gases released from abnormal batteries, which can cause secondary degradation of normal batteries through combustion or thermal exposure.
Innovation Solution
A battery module configuration with a partitioned exhaust duct system, where gases are adiabatically expanded in multiple stages to reduce temperature, preventing combustion and ensuring safe release of high-temperature gases outside the case without affecting adjacent batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a hermetically sealed exhaust space is used to prevent high-temperature gas from flowing back into the battery space, then the safety of normal batteries is improved, but the high-temperature gas may react with oxygen to cause combustion
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust space is divided into multiple segments (first exhaust space, second exhaust space, third exhaust space) with partitions between them. This segmentation allows the high-temperature gas to be cooled progressively as it passes through each segment, reducing the temperature and combustion risk while maintaining the sealed structure that prevents gas from returning to the battery space.
Solution Approach 2:
The partition structures with through-holes act as intermediaries between the exhaust spaces. These partitions allow controlled passage of gas while providing thermal management, serving as a mediator that enables both the sealing function (preventing gas return) and the cooling function (reducing combustion risk) to coexist.
2Reliability
If the exhaust space is sealed to prevent gas recirculation, then secondary degradation of normal batteries is prevented, but the high-temperature gas exposure to oxygen increases combustion risk
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust system is segmented into multiple controlled zones. The first exhaust space receives hot gas from batteries, the second exhaust space provides intermediate cooling, and the third exhaust space provides final cooling before discharge. This segmentation allows the system to maintain sealing (preventing degradation) while managing combustion risk through progressive cooling.
Solution Approach 2:
The temperature parameter of the gas is changed progressively as it moves through the segmented exhaust spaces. The gas enters at high temperature, is cooled in the first exhaust space, further cooled in the second, and finally cooled in the third space before discharge. This parameter change (temperature reduction) eliminates the combustion hazard while maintaining the sealed structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the temperature of high-temperature gases to safe levels, preventing combustion and ensuring the safety of normal batteries within the module by adiabatic expansion in multiple stages, thus enhancing the safety of battery modules.
Implementation Method 1
gases are adiabatically expanded in multiple stages to reduce temperature
Data Source
AI summary
The case 20 housing a plurality of cells 100 is divided, by a circuit board 30 provided at the same sides of the cells 100, into a housing space 50 housing the cells 100 and an exhaust duct 60 for releasing a gas from the vents 8a of the cells 100 to outside the case 20. The vents 8a of the cells 100 communicate with the exhaust duct 60 through openings 30a formed in the flat plate 30. The exhaust duct 60 is divided into a first space 61 and a second space 62 by a partition 40 provided between the flat plate 30 and an external plate 21 of the case 20. The first space 61 communicates with the second space 62 through through holes 40a formed in the partition 40.