Battery Module Fireproof Component Design
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Battery packs in electric vehicles lack fireproof components, leading to potential chain reactions and safety hazards when thermal runaway occurs, as flames and high-temperature particles from one battery unit can ignite adjacent units.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a fireproof component with a high melting point, such as a mica plate, positioned vertically between the vents of battery unit arrays to block flames and high-temperature particles, and a fire-extinguishing component with a fluid passageway to extinguish fires, thereby preventing the spread of thermal runaway.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If no fireproof component is provided in the battery module, then the device complexity is reduced, but the safety and reliability deteriorate when thermal runaway occurs
Solution Approach 1:
A fireproof component made of high-temperature resistant material (such as ceramic or metal) is introduced as an intermediary barrier between adjacent battery units. This component is positioned at the vent opening to intercept and block flames and high-temperature particles ejected during thermal runaway, preventing them from igniting adjacent battery units while maintaining the overall battery module structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery module is segmented into isolated compartments by positioning fireproof components at specific vent locations. This segmentation creates physical barriers that divide the potential fire propagation path, confining thermal runaway events to individual battery units or small groups rather than allowing chain reactions across the entire module.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a fireproof component is added to block flames, then the safety is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of providing fireproof protection throughout the entire battery module, the fireproof components are strategically placed only at critical locations where vents open to the exterior or adjacent units. This localized approach provides maximum fire protection where it is most needed (at the flame ejection points) while minimizing the addition of complex components throughout the entire system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The fireproof component effectively blocks flames and high-temperature particles from reaching adjacent battery units, reducing the risk of chain reactions and enhancing safety by containing and extinguishing thermal runaway events within the battery module.
Implementation Method 1
a fireproof component disposed vertically. Each of the plurality of battery units in each of the at least one battery unit array structure is provided with a vent facing towards the fireproof component
Implementation Method 2
Incorporating a fireproof component with a high melting point, such as a mica plate, positioned vertically between the vents of battery unit arrays to block flames and high-temperature particles
Implementation Method 3
a fire-extinguishing component. The fire-extinguishing component is provided below the at least one battery unit array structure, and the fire-extinguishing component is provided with a fluid passageway for storing a fire-extinguishing liquid
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a battery module including at least one battery unit array structure, an upper cover, a lower cover and a fireproof component disposed vertically. Each battery unit array structure includes a plurality of battery units and a plurality of busbars electrically connected to the plurality of battery units. The battery unit array structure is disposed between the upper cover and the lower cover. Each battery unit of each battery unit array structure is provided with a vent facing towards the fireproof component. Different from the related art, when thermal runaway occurs in a battery unit according to the present disclosure, flame and high-temperature particles ejected from a vent of a battery unit are blocked by the fireproof component from burning adjacent battery units, thereby preventing the thermal runaway in the other battery units from being triggered by the existing thermal runaway.