Battery Module Insulation Cover for Thermal Runaway Gas Sealing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing battery modules fail to effectively prevent the leakage of high-temperature particles and gases during thermal runaway, which can lead to fires or explosions, due to gaps between the bus bar plate terminals and insulation covers, and segmented heat insulation plates that allow movement and discharge of these harmful substances.

Innovation Solution

The battery module incorporates blocking ribs protruding toward the bus bar plate at the insulation cover to minimize the movement of high-temperature particles and gases, and an elastic gasket to fill the gap between the insulation cover and the terminal, along with a sheet member providing thermal resistance to cover the battery cell stack surfaces.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If segmented heat insulation plates are disposed side by side to protect the bus bar plate, then the bus bar plate is partially protected from high-temperature particles and gases, but the segmented structure fails to prevent leakage and particles can move among the plates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection of bus bar plate from high-temperature particles and gasesVSAvoidprevention of leakage of high-temperature particles and gases
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The insulation cover is segmented into a body portion and a protruding portion that extends into the gap between the bus bar plate terminal and the battery cell stack. This segmentation allows the insulation cover to protect the terminal from high-temperature particles and gases while maintaining structural integrity to prevent leakage paths.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

An elastic gasket is introduced as an intermediary component between the insulation cover and the bus bar plate terminal. The gasket fills gaps and seals interfaces, preventing leakage of high-temperature particles and gases while allowing for thermal expansion and contraction of the components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If the insulation cover is positioned close to the bus bar plate terminal to minimize gaps, then protection is improved, but manufacturing tolerances and thermal expansion may create gaps that allow particle and gas discharge

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection of terminal from high-temperature particles and gasesVSAvoidgap between insulation cover and terminal
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The insulation cover is designed with temperature-dependent dimensional changes. At room temperature, the cover maintains a certain distance from the terminal, but when exposed to high temperatures, the cover expands to close the gap and seal the space, preventing discharge of particles and gases regardless of manufacturing tolerances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

An elastic gasket is introduced as an intermediary component between the insulation cover and the bus bar plate terminal. The gasket fills gaps and seals interfaces, preventing leakage of high-temperature particles and gases while allowing for thermal expansion and contraction of the components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If a solid barrier is used to completely block high-temperature particles and gases, then leakage prevention is improved, but the structure becomes more complex and may interfere with terminal function

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprevention of discharge of high-temperature particles and gasesVSAvoidstructure of insulation cover and gap filling
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The insulation cover is segmented into a body portion and a protruding portion that extends into the gap between the bus bar plate terminal and the battery cell stack. This segmentation allows the insulation cover to protect the terminal from high-temperature particles and gases while maintaining structural integrity to prevent leakage paths.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

An elastic gasket is used instead of a rigid solid barrier. The flexible gasket can deform to fill irregular gaps and seal interfaces between components, providing effective protection against particle and gas discharge while maintaining a simple structure that does not interfere with terminal function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design minimizes the discharge of high-temperature particles and gases, preventing damage to the bus bar plate and suppressing leakage, thereby enhancing safety and reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

Implementation Method 1

an elastic gasket is disposed to fill a gap between an opening of the insulation cover and the terminal of the bus bar plate elastically

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

a sheet member exhibiting thermal resistance is disposed between a battery cell stack and the bus bar plate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal resistance: Thermal Insulation

Data Source

PatentEP4432441B1Battery module
Publication Date: 2026.01.14 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD
  • EP4432441B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4432441B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4432441B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to a battery module in which a pair of blocking ribs protruding toward a bus bar plate is disposed at an insulation cover, to minimize the movement of high-temperature particles and gases toward a terminal of the bus bar plate, and an elastic gasket is disposed to fill a gap between an opening of the insulation cover and the terminal of the bus bar plate elastically, such that the discharge of the high-temperature particles and gases through the gap is minimized