Battery Module Protection Unit for Defective Cell Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In battery modules, defective cells can cause short circuits, leading to excessive charging and potential melting or explosion due to uncontrolled current and temperature increases, posing safety risks.
Innovation Solution
A battery module design incorporating protection units connected in parallel with conductive sheets, which disconnect when temperature or current exceeds preset limits, preventing further charging of defective cells and thus preventing overheating and explosion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If battery cells are connected in parallel to increase capacity, then the battery module can provide higher current output, but defective cells may cause uncontrolled charging and temperature rise leading to safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
A protection unit is introduced as an intermediary component between parallel-connected battery cells. This protection unit includes a fuse that can disconnect the circuit when abnormal conditions occur, preventing defective cells from causing uncontrolled charging and temperature rise while maintaining the parallel connection structure for high current output capability
Solution Approach 2:
The protection unit is pre-installed in the parallel connection path to provide preliminary protection against potential safety hazards. The fuse is designed to melt and disconnect the circuit before the defective cell can cause dangerous temperature rise or explosion, preemptively preventing the harmful effect
2Reliability
If protection units are added to prevent defective cell charging, then safety is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The protection unit uses a fuse that is designed to be a simple, inexpensive, single-use component. When the fuse melts due to excessive current, it permanently disconnects the defective cell, providing effective protection without requiring complex reusable mechanisms or expensive components
Solution Approach 2:
The protection function is extracted as a separate, independent unit that can be easily integrated into the battery module structure. The protection unit is connected in parallel with the battery cells through conductive sheets, allowing it to operate independently while maintaining the overall battery module functionality
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the risk of battery cell melting or explosion by isolating defective cells, enhancing the safety of the battery module by preventing continuous high-current charging and temperature escalation.
Implementation Method 1
when a temperature of the protection unit is greater than a preset temperature, or a current flowing the protection unit is greater than a preset current, the protection unit will be disconnected or blown
Implementation Method 2
a plurality of conductive sheets respectively connected with two of the battery cells in series
Data Source
AI summary
The invention provides a battery module for improving safety, which comprises at least one fixing frame, a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of conductive sheets and a plurality of protection units. The battery cells are arranged on the fixing frame. Each conductive sheet is connected with two battery cells in series, each of the protection units is respectively connected with two conductive sheets, and the battery cells connected with the conductive sheets are connected in parallel via the protection unit. When the temperature of the protection unit is greater than a preset temperature, the protection unit will be blown, thereby preventing the battery cells from charging the defective battery cell, resulting in the defective battery cell to melt or explode.