Lithium-ion Battery Module Series Connection Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lithium-ion battery systems face challenges in scaling up capacity for large power applications due to imbalance issues in series connections and the lack of effective battery management for parallel configurations, which limits their use in high-capacity energy storage systems like electric vehicles and renewable energy storage.
Innovation Solution
A lithium-ion battery module comprising a series-connected pack of high-capacity single polymer batteries with a battery management unit that includes current, voltage, and temperature sensors, a data acquisition module, and an equalizer, allowing for real-time monitoring and balancing of battery performance, and utilizing a heat conducting plate for efficient heat management.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If small batteries are connected in series to form a large power source, then the voltage increases to meet electricity demand, but current imbalance occurs at charge and discharge ends affecting the performance of the entire battery stack
Solution Approach 1:
The invention divides the battery system into modular units, each containing multiple single-cell battery modules connected in parallel. These modules are then connected in series to achieve the desired voltage. This segmentation allows independent management of each module, preventing current imbalance from affecting the entire stack.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a battery management system with equalizer components as an intermediary between battery modules. The equalizer actively balances the charge/discharge current across parallel-connected batteries within each module, preventing current imbalance and ensuring uniform performance across the entire battery stack.
2Quantity of substance
If small batteries are connected in parallel to form a large-capacity battery, then the capacity increases, but there is no effective electronic technique for management and lack of evaluation methods
Solution Approach 1:
The invention organizes parallel-connected batteries into distinct single-cell battery modules, each with its own management circuitry. This segmentation transforms the complex management of parallel batteries into manageable modular units, enabling effective monitoring and control of each module's capacity and status.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention develops a universal battery management system that can handle both series and parallel connections through standardized interfaces and protocols. The management system provides multi-functional capabilities including capacity monitoring, equalization, and performance evaluation applicable to various battery configurations.
3Quantity of substance
If high-capacity single polymer lithium-ion batteries are used, then the capacity reaches 50-2000 AH for large power applications, but real-time monitoring and heat management become critical challenges
Solution Approach 1:
The invention implements localized monitoring and heat management at each single-cell battery module level. Temperature sensors and management circuits are integrated directly with each high-capacity battery module, enabling localized detection and control. This approach manages the complexity of monitoring 50-2000 AH batteries by distributing the monitoring function across modular units rather than requiring centralized complex systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables reliable and stable operation of high-capacity lithium-ion battery modules by ensuring real-time monitoring and balancing of voltage and current, enhancing reliability and stability for large power applications such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems.
Implementation Method 1
the single polymer lithium-ion battery with large-capacity has a low internal resistance and the heat conducting plate provided on the external surface of the polymer lithium-ion battery is capable of conducting heat inside the batteries effectively
Data Source
AI summary
A lithium-ion battery module with large-capacity and without parallel batteries is provided. The lithium-ion battery module includes a lithium-ion battery pack with large-capacity and without parallel group, and a battery management unit. To this end, the lithium-ion battery pack is defined by at least two single polymer lithium-ion batteries connected in series, each with a capacity of 50-2000 AH. The battery management unit includes a master module, a data acquisition module, an equalizer, and detecting components which include at least one current sensor, at least two voltage sensors and at least two temperature sensors. The lithium-ion battery module allows for the working voltage and current of each single polymer lithium-ion battery to be monitored in real time, while also operating at a low temperature thanks to a low internal resistance and good heat conducting qualities provided at the battery module.