Battery Module Rupture Sheet Using SMA-Controlled Venting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery modules suffer from instability due to premature rupture of venting sheets during normal use, leading to unintended venting and exposure of internal structures, even when gas is not vented, which can cause performance deterioration.
Innovation Solution
A battery module design incorporating a rupture sheet with a shape memory alloy (SMA) that forms venting holes only during gas venting, using SMA-induced expansion to create venting holes when temperatures exceed 100 degrees, thereby preventing venting during normal operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If a rupture sheet with a notch shape is used to enable gas venting, then gas venting function is improved, but the rupture sheet becomes vulnerable to premature damage from external vibration and shock during normal use
Solution Approach 1:
The rupture sheet is divided into multiple layers (first rupture layer, second rupture layer, third rupture layer) with different functions. The first layer provides the venting aperture, while the second and third layers provide reinforcement and stability, preventing premature rupture during normal use while maintaining gas venting capability when needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The rupture sheet uses a composite structure combining multiple material layers with different properties. The base rupture layer provides venting functionality, while additional reinforcement layers provide mechanical strength and stability, creating a composite material system that balances venting performance with resistance to vibration and shock.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If the rupture sheet is made thin to allow easy rupture during gas venting, then gas venting efficiency is improved, but the sheet becomes more susceptible to damage from external vibration and shock
Solution Approach 1:
The thin rupture layer needed for easy gas venting is segmented from the reinforcement layers. This allows the first layer to remain thin for efficient venting while the second and third layers provide the necessary mechanical strength, resolving the contradiction between thinness for venting and strength for vibration resistance.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the rupture sheet have different thicknesses and material properties. The central region containing the venting aperture remains thin for easy rupture, while the peripheral regions include reinforcement layers for strength, creating local quality variations that satisfy both requirements simultaneously.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the stability of the battery module by ensuring venting holes are formed only during gas venting, minimizing exposure and damage, and maintaining performance by preventing venting holes from forming during normal use.
Implementation Method 1
A battery module design incorporating a rupture sheet with a shape memory alloy (SMA) that forms venting holes only during gas venting, using SMA-induced expansion to create venting holes when temperatures exceed 100 degrees
Implementation Method 2
using SMA-induced expansion to create venting holes when temperatures exceed 100 degrees
Data Source
AI summary
A battery module includes a battery cell stack including a plurality of stacked battery cells; a module frame that houses the battery cell stack; and a rupture sheet formed between the battery cell stack and the module frame. The rupture sheet includes a shape memory alloy.