Battery Module Venting Structure for Internal Gas Pressure Release
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery modules without venting structures risk explosion due to internal pressure buildup during overcharge, as gas has no means to be discharged externally, potentially leading to module and pack damage.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a venting structure with slots in busbar frames and venting holes/slots in end plates allows gas to escape externally, delaying ignition and minimizing explosion damage by providing a pathway for pressure release.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the battery module structure is sealed without a discharge hole, then the sealing performance is improved, but the safety is worsened due to gas accumulation and potential explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a flexible sealing plate with a puncturable membrane that maintains sealed conditions during normal operation but can be breached when internal pressure exceeds a threshold, allowing gas discharge and preventing explosion
Solution Approach 2:
The puncturable membrane is pre-positioned to rupture at a specific pressure threshold, providing advance protection by automatically venting gas before pressure buildup can cause catastrophic failure
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the battery module is completely sealed, then the protection against external contaminants is improved, but the pressure release capability is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
A flexible puncturable membrane is integrated into the sealing plate, maintaining hermetic sealing under normal conditions while automatically breaching when internal pressure exceeds safe thresholds, thus balancing protection and pressure release
Solution Approach 2:
The sealing plate with puncturable membrane autonomously responds to internal pressure conditions by maintaining seal integrity when pressure is normal and automatically creating a discharge path when pressure exceeds limits, without external intervention
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The venting structure effectively discharges internal gas, delaying ignition and reducing peripheral damage during potential explosions, enhancing safety and module integrity.
Implementation Method 1
when the internal pressures of the battery cells 11 increase to exceed the fusion strength limit value of the battery cells 110, the gas generated by battery cells 11 is discharged to the outside
Data Source
AI summary
A battery modules includes a battery cell stack, in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, a frame accommodating the battery cell stack, end plates covering front and rear surfaces of the battery cell stack, and busbar frames formed between the end plates and the battery cell stack, and a plurality of slots are formed in each of the busbar frames and a venting portion is formed at the center of each of the end plates, and the plurality of battery cells pass through the plurality of slots and are connected to the outside through a first passage part connected to the venting portion.