Battery Module Venting Sheet and Partition Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Battery modules face the risk of thermal runaway due to uncontrolled heat accumulation and gas/flame propagation, leading to potential explosions and safety hazards.
Innovation Solution
A battery module design featuring venting holes with directional venting sheets and blocking members to discharge high-temperature gas or flame externally while preventing backflow and partitioning cells to minimize heat propagation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If battery cells are intensively accommodated inside the module housing to increase energy density, then the charge/discharge capacity increases, but the risk of thermal runaway propagation to adjacent cells increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces partition walls that divide the battery module into multiple independent compartments, each containing one or more battery cells. This segmentation physically isolates thermal events to specific compartments, preventing flame and hot gas from propagating to adjacent cells while maintaining high cell density within each compartment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs venting sheets as intermediary components positioned between battery cells and within compartments. These venting sheets provide controlled pathways for pressure relief during thermal events, directing gas flow away from adjacent cells while maintaining the intensive accommodation structure.
2Temperature
If venting holes are provided in the module case to discharge thermal gas, then heat accumulation is prevented, but gas or flame may flow back into the battery module
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes dynamic pressure-driven opening mechanisms where venting holes remain sealed during normal operation and only open when internal pressure exceeds a threshold during thermal events. The venting sheets are designed to deform or rupture under pressure, creating one-way discharge paths that prevent backflow when pressure equalizes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful high-pressure gas flow during thermal runaway into a beneficial controlled discharge mechanism. The venting sheets and partition walls work together to channel the explosive pressure outward through designated paths, transforming the dangerous thermal event into a controlled pressure relief process that protects adjacent cells.
3Reliability
If partition walls are introduced to separate battery cells, then thermal runaway propagation is prevented, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs partition walls that serve multiple functions simultaneously: they provide thermal isolation between cells, structural support for the module assembly, mounting surfaces for venting components, and guidance paths for gas flow. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components for each function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent integrates the partition wall structure with the module housing and venting mechanisms into a unified design. The partition walls are combined with venting sheet attachments and structural framing elements, creating a consolidated assembly that achieves separation, venting, and structural support functions through integrated components rather than separate parts.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents or delays thermal runaway by smoothly discharging gas or flame outside the module, ensuring safety and reliability by preventing backflow and cell-to-cell propagation.
Implementation Method 1
a venting sheet configured to cover the venting hole and the cover hole, respectively... when the battery cell is vented, only the cutting line of the venting sheet provided above the vented battery cell may be opened
Implementation Method 2
The venting sheet may have a cutting line configured to be opened by a pressure of the venting gas
Data Source
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AI summary
Disclosed is a battery module, which includes a cell stack including a plurality of battery cells; a module case configured to accommodate the cell stack and having at least one venting hole provided to at one side so that a venting gas discharged from the battery cell is discharged therethrough; a top cover coupled to one side of the module case to form at least one cover hole corresponding to the venting hole; and a venting sheet configured to cover the venting hole and the cover hole, respectively.