Battery Module Parallel Connection via Voltage Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Battery systems connected in parallel often experience in-rush currents due to voltage differences among modules, which can cause malfunctions or breakage.
Innovation Solution
A battery system with a battery manager that detects voltage and current differences between modules, controlling module switches to connect batteries in parallel only when voltages are substantially equal, thereby preventing in-rush currents and ensuring stable operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If battery modules are connected in parallel to form a large-capacity battery system, then the battery capacity is improved, but in-rush current is generated due to voltage differences among modules causing malfunctions or breakage
Solution Approach 1:
The battery manager performs preliminary voltage detection and comparison before connecting battery modules in parallel. By detecting the voltage of each module and comparing it with the average voltage, the system determines whether the voltage difference exceeds a preset threshold before connection, preventing in-rush current from damaging the modules.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery manager continuously monitors battery module voltages and provides feedback control. When a module's voltage difference from the average exceeds the threshold, the manager prevents parallel connection; when the voltage difference is within the threshold, connection is permitted. This closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures safe parallel connection while maintaining system reliability.
2Speed
If battery modules are connected in parallel without voltage matching, then connection speed is improved, but energy is wasted due to in-rush current
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary voltage detection and comparison before parallel connection. By calculating the average voltage of existing parallel modules and comparing it with the voltage of the module to be connected, the system determines in advance whether the voltage difference is within the acceptable threshold, enabling safe and efficient connection without energy waste.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery manager dynamically adjusts the connection decision based on voltage parameters. When the voltage difference between modules exceeds the preset threshold, connection is blocked; when the voltage difference is within the threshold, connection is permitted. This parameter-based control optimizes both connection speed and energy efficiency.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery system includes a first battery, a second battery, and a battery manager. The first battery is electrically connected between a first node and a second node via a first module switch in a short circuit state. The second battery is electrically insulated from the first battery by a second module switch in an open circuit state. The battery manager detects a first battery voltage of the first battery, a second battery voltage of the second battery, and a system current flowing between the first and second nodes, determines an open circuit voltage of the first battery based on the first battery voltage and the system current, and short-circuits the second module switch when the open circuit voltage is substantially equal to the second battery voltage so that the at least one second battery is connected to the at least one first battery in parallel.