Battery Overcharge Prevention Device Using Voltage Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion battery modules are prone to explosion or ignition when overcharged, affecting not only the overcharged cell but also neighboring cells, leading to reduced durability and safety concerns.
Innovation Solution
A battery overcharging prevention device that includes a voltage distribution unit, a voltage sensing unit, and a relay system to detect voltage levels and cut off the charging connection when the battery is overcharged, using a series of resistors and a shunt regulator to manage current flow and minimize power consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If voltage detection is performed continuously to prevent overcharging, then battery safety is improved, but power consumption increases and battery lifespan is shortened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic voltage detection by controlling the voltage detection unit to operate only during specific periods (when ignition is on or in overcharge prevention mode), rather than continuously. This periodic operation reduces power consumption while maintaining adequate safety monitoring, directly resolving the contradiction between continuous safety monitoring and power consumption reduction.
2Reliability
If voltage detection is performed continuously to prevent overcharging, then battery safety is improved, but battery lifespan is shortened due to increased voltage difference between cells
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic voltage detection by controlling the voltage detection unit to operate only during specific periods (when ignition is on or in overcharge prevention mode), rather than continuously. This periodic operation reduces power consumption while maintaining adequate safety monitoring, directly resolving the contradiction between continuous safety monitoring and power consumption reduction.
3Device complexity
If a simple voltage detection circuit is used to prevent overcharging, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a voltage distribution unit as an intermediary component that divides the battery voltage into multiple lower voltages before detection. This allows simple detection circuits to achieve accurate overcharge detection by comparing distributed voltages against reference voltages, resolving the contradiction between circuit simplicity and detection precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the high-voltage detection problem into multiple low-voltage detection problems by using the voltage distribution unit. This parameter transformation enables the use of simpler detection circuits with appropriate reference voltages, achieving both circuit simplicity and detection accuracy simultaneously.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents overcharging by disconnecting the battery module from the charging module when overcharged, enhancing durability and safety while operating independently of the battery management system and reducing power consumption by detecting voltage only when the vehicle is ignited.
Implementation Method 1
a voltage distribution unit connected to both ends of at least one battery cell in a battery module including multiple battery cells, the voltage distribution unit being configured to distribute a voltage of the at least one battery cell according to a preset ratio
Implementation Method 2
a voltage sensing unit operating so as to allow a control current to flow when the voltage distributed by the voltage distribution unit is greater than a preset reference voltage
Implementation Method 3
a second relay configured to block, by operation of the voltage sensing unit, operation of a first relay that establishes an electrical connection between the battery module and a charging module
Data Source
AI summary
A battery overcharge preventing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a voltage distribution unit connected to both ends of at least one battery cell in a battery module including multiple battery cells, the voltage distribution unit being configured to distribute a voltage of the at least one battery cell according to a preset ratio; a voltage sensing unit operating so as to allow a control current to flow when the voltage distributed by the voltage distribution unit is greater than a preset reference voltage; and a second relay configured to block, by operation of the voltage sensing unit, operation of a first relay that establishes an electrical connection between the battery module and a charging module.