Battery Pack Coolant Distribution Uniformity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery packs face challenges in achieving uniform cooling between battery cells due to non-uniform coolant distribution, leading to temperature deviations and differential pressure, which can result in reduced performance and potential safety issues.
Innovation Solution
The battery pack design incorporates multiple coolant introduction parts and a specific coolant discharge part configuration, including tilted structures and partition plates, to ensure uniform coolant flow and minimize pressure differences between unit cells, enhancing cooling efficiency and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If conventional coolant flow channels are used in battery packs, then the structure is simple, but the coolant distribution is non-uniform causing temperature deviations between battery cells
Solution Approach 1:
The coolant flow channel is divided into multiple independent channels, each serving specific battery cells. This segmentation ensures uniform coolant distribution across all channels, preventing temperature deviations between battery cells while maintaining a manageable structural complexity through modular design
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the battery pack are equipped with coolant channels having optimized local characteristics. The channel configuration, spacing, and dimensions are tailored to specific thermal requirements of different battery cell groups, achieving uniform cooling throughout the pack without requiring complete redesign of the entire cooling system
2Volume of moving object
If battery cells are closely arranged to reduce size, then the battery pack size is minimized, but cooling efficiency deteriorates due to insufficient coolant flow space
Solution Approach 1:
The coolant channels are designed to extend in multiple spatial dimensions rather than solely in one direction. This multi-dimensional channel arrangement maximizes the cooling surface area and coolant-battery contact within the limited pack volume, maintaining effective cooling efficiency while minimizing the overall battery pack size
Solution Approach 2:
The coolant flow channels are integrated within the battery module structure itself, with channels positioned between battery cells and within module assemblies. This nested arrangement allows the cooling system to occupy the same spatial envelope as the battery cells, achieving compact packaging without compromising cooling performance
3Temperature
If single coolant discharge part is used, then the structure is simple, but pressure differences and temperature deviations increase
Solution Approach 1:
The coolant discharge system is segmented into multiple discharge parts positioned at different locations within the battery pack. Each discharge part collects coolant from specific regions, ensuring that pressure differences are balanced across all channels and temperature uniformity is maintained throughout the battery cells
Solution Approach 2:
The multiple coolant discharge parts are positioned and dimensioned to create equipotential conditions for coolant pressure distribution. This arrangement ensures that coolant flows smoothly from all channels to the discharge parts without creating excessive pressure differences, thereby maintaining uniform temperature across battery cells while using a moderately complex discharge configuration
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design achieves improved cooling uniformity and efficiency across all unit cells, reducing temperature deviations and maintaining performance while minimizing the overall size and weight of the battery pack.
Implementation Method 1
a coolant, introduced through each coolant inlet port, passes by each unit cell to cool each unit cell
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a battery pack including battery cells or unit modules (unit cells), wherein the battery pack is configured to have a structure in which the unit cells are uprightly arranged in a width direction (a horizontal direction) of the battery pack in a state in which a spacing distance for coolant flow is provided between the respective unit cells to constitute a battery module, a plurality of battery modules is arranged to constitute a battery module group, battery modules groups are vertically arranged from a coolant introduction direction of a coolant inlet port in a height direction (a vertical direction) of the battery pack to have a two or more layer structure or laterally arranged from the coolant introduction direction of the coolant inlet port in a length direction (a horizontal direction) of the battery pack to have a two or more row structure.