Battery Pack Protection Structure for Thermal Runaway Ejecta
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Solution Overview
Problem
In electric automobile battery packs, thermorunaway in a single battery cell can lead to a short circuit in the entire battery module due to the anti-explosion assembly causing a high-temperature and high-pressure ejecta that impacts the module electrical connection piece, resulting in insulation failure and potential secondary short circuits, posing a safety risk.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design incorporating a first protecting assembly, such as a mica-based shell or protection sheet, to isolate the module electrical connection piece from the ejecta, and a second protecting assembly to enclose the anti-explosion assembly and direct ejecta away from the box body, reducing the likelihood of short circuits by providing thermal insulation and redirecting the ejecta.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the anti-explosion assembly is activated to prevent battery cell explosion, then the battery cell safety is improved, but the ejecta discharged from the anti-explosion assembly causes short circuit in the battery module
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a protecting assembly as an intermediary component between the anti-explosion assembly and the battery module electrical connection piece. This protecting assembly includes a protection sheet and a shell that form a protective barrier, preventing the ejecta from directly contacting and short-circuiting the electrical connection piece while allowing the anti-explosion assembly to function normally
Solution Approach 2:
The patent redirects the harmful ejecta discharge from the anti-explosion assembly through the protecting assembly structure. The bent edges of the protection sheet and the shell configuration guide the ejecta flow away from critical electrical components, converting the potentially harmful ejecta discharge into a controlled flow that exits through designated channels without causing short circuits
2Reliability
If the module electrical connection piece is exposed to ejecta from the anti-explosion assembly, then the anti-explosion function is maintained, but the insulation of the module electrical connection piece fails due to thermal impact
Solution Approach 1:
The protecting assembly serves as a thermal barrier and intermediary protective layer between the high-temperature ejecta and the module electrical connection piece. The protection sheet and shell are positioned to intercept thermal radiation and direct contact from the ejecta, protecting the insulation properties of the electrical connection piece while maintaining the anti-explosion functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a protection sheet (a thin film structure) and a shell to create a protective enclosure around the module electrical connection piece. These flexible yet protective structures can withstand thermal impact and physical stress from ejecta discharge, maintaining the insulation integrity of the electrical components during thermorunaway events
3Reliability
If the battery pack includes protecting assemblies to shield electrical components, then the safety during thermorunaway is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates the protecting assembly with existing battery pack structural components. The protection sheet and shell are designed to work together as a unified protective system that can be incorporated into the battery module structure without requiring completely separate, additional components, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The protecting assembly is designed to perform multiple functions: it protects the module electrical connection piece from thermal impact, shields against ejecta discharge, and maintains structural integrity during thermorunaway. This multi-functional design reduces the need for multiple separate protective components, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity while comprehensively addressing safety concerns
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the occurrence of short circuits and enhances safety by protecting the module electrical connection piece from thermal impacts and preventing secondary short circuits during thermorunaway events.
Implementation Method 1
the first protecting assembly is configured to protect the module electrical connection piece when an ejecta discharged from the anti-explosion assembly impacts the module electrical connection piece
Implementation Method 2
the second protecting assembly is configured to protect the box body from an impact by the ejecta discharged from the anti-explosion assembly
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a battery pack and an apparatus using the battery pack as a power supply, and relates to the technical field of batteries, to optimize performance of the battery pack. The battery pack includes a box body, a battery module, a module electrical connection piece, and a first protecting assembly. The battery module is mounted in the box body, and the battery module includes an anti-explosion assembly. The module electrical connection piece is mounted on the battery module. The first protecting assembly is mounted in the box body and is configured to protect the module electrical connection piece when an ejecta discharged from the anti-explosion assembly impacts the module electrical connection piece. The above technical scheme reduces probability of secondary short circuit of the battery pack.