Battery Pack Fire Suppression Cover and Noise Shielding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery packs face challenges in allowing fire extinguishing liquids to flow smoothly into the pack case during a fire or overheating, increasing the risk of secondary damages such as explosions due to the metal material used in the pack case.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring a fire extinguishing liquid guide cover made of a plastic material that melts at a predetermined temperature to expose a fire extinguishing liquid guide hole, accompanied by a noise shielding member with grounding and shielding holes to facilitate the flow of extinguishing liquids while maintaining electromagnetic noise shielding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If the pack case is made of metal material to ensure rigidity and electromagnetic noise shielding, then the structural strength and noise shielding are improved, but the fire extinguishing liquid cannot flow smoothly into the pack case during fire or overheating
Solution Approach 1:
The pack case is divided into a metal pack case body for structural strength and a separate cover plate made of heat-responsive material. This segmentation allows each part to fulfill its specific function: the metal body provides rigidity while the cover plate enables fire suppression by melting to allow liquid flow.
Solution Approach 2:
The cover plate acts as an intermediary component between the external fire extinguishing liquid and the internal battery module. It mediates the conflict by being transparent to liquid flow during fire (when melted) while maintaining electromagnetic shielding when intact, thus enabling both protection modes.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the pack case is made of metal material to ensure electromagnetic noise shielding, then the electromagnetic noise shielding is improved, but the fire extinguishing liquid flow is blocked during fire or overheating
Solution Approach 1:
The cover plate transitions from a static shielding component to a dynamic response component that changes its state based on temperature. At normal temperatures, it provides electromagnetic shielding; during fire or overheating, it melts to become permeable to fire extinguishing liquid, thus dynamically adapting to different threat conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The material parameter of the cover plate (melting point temperature) is specifically selected to be lower than the battery module's ignition temperature but higher than ambient operating temperatures. This parameter change allows the cover plate to remain intact during normal operation for shielding purposes while melting during fire conditions to enable liquid flow.
3Reliability
If a cover plate made of heat-responsive material is used to allow fire extinguishing liquid flow, then the fire suppression effectiveness is improved, but the electromagnetic noise shielding capability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The electromagnetic shielding function is segmented from the heat-responsive cover plate and assigned to the metal pack case body and a separate noise shielding member. This segmentation allows the cover plate to focus on fire suppression while other components maintain electromagnetic shielding.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery pack case system uses composite material construction: the metal pack case body provides electromagnetic shielding, the heat-responsive cover plate provides fire suppression capability, and the noise shielding member (made of conductive material) reinforces electromagnetic shielding. Together, these composite materials resolve the contradiction between fire suppression and electromagnetic shielding.
4Reliability
If the noise shielding member is provided with shielding holes to allow fire extinguishing liquid flow, then the fire suppression effectiveness is improved, but the electromagnetic noise shielding is weakened
Solution Approach 1:
The noise shielding member has different local properties: areas with shielding holes provide liquid flow paths for fire suppression, while areas without holes maintain electromagnetic shielding. The local quality varies spatially to fulfill different functions in different regions of the same component.
Solution Approach 2:
The noise shielding member's hole configuration parameters (size, shape, distribution, and orientation of holes) are optimized to allow sufficient fire extinguishing liquid flow while maintaining adequate electromagnetic noise shielding. The parameter changes in hole geometry enable simultaneous achievement of both fire suppression and shielding functions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the smooth flow of fire extinguishing liquids into the pack case, reducing the risk of battery pack expansion and explosion, and minimizing damage to vehicles and humans by effectively suppressing fires.
Implementation Method 1
the fire extinguishing liquid guide cover being melted over a predetermined temperature to form an opening so that a fire extinguishing liquid is guided into the pack case
Implementation Method 2
the fire extinguishing liquid guide cover having a noise shielding member for shielding, an electromagnetic noise not to enter the pack case
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a battery pack, which includes a battery module having at least one battery cell, a pack case made of a metal material and configured to package the battery module, and a fire extinguishing liquid guide cover configured to cover one side of the pack case, the fire extinguishing liquid guide cover being melted over a predetermined temperature to form an opening so that a fire extinguishing liquid is guided into the pack case, the fire extinguishing liquid guide cover having a noise shielding member for shielding an electromagnetic noise not to enter the pack case.