Battery Pack Cover Transfer Path for Cell Fire Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery packs lack effective mechanisms to extinguish fires in battery cells upon ignition, posing a safety risk.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring a housing with a vent, an extinguishing member outside the housing, a cover with transfer members, and a cap to efficiently deliver extinguishing material to the battery cell upon ignition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an extinguishing member is added outside the housing to supply extinguishing material, then fire extinguishing capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A transfer member is introduced as an intermediary component between the extinguishing member and the battery cell. The transfer member includes a transfer hole that channels extinguishing material from the extinguishing member to the battery cell, enabling effective fire suppression while maintaining a modular structure where the extinguishing member remains outside the housing.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery pack is divided into functional segments: the housing containing the battery cell, the cover, the transfer member integrated in the cover, and the extinguishing member outside the housing. This segmentation allows the extinguishing system to be added without redesigning the entire battery pack structure.
2Speed
If a transfer member with transfer hole is integrated in the cover to deliver extinguishing material, then extinguishing material delivery speed is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The transfer member is merged with the cover structure, integrating the transfer hole directly into the existing cover component. This eliminates the need for separate delivery channels and reduces the number of parts, thereby improving delivery speed without significantly increasing overall device complexity.
3Reliability
If the vent faces the cover to allow flame propagation, then extinguishing material can reach the battery cell, but fire spread risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The vent, which could potentially allow fire to spread to the cover, is positioned to face the cover. However, the transfer hole in the transfer member creates a controlled pathway that directs extinguishing material through the vent area to the battery cell. The system converts the potential harm of flame propagation into a benefit by using the vent as a delivery route for the extinguishing material.
Solution Approach 2:
The transfer member acts as an intermediary that controls the flow of both flames and extinguishing material through the vent area. The transfer hole provides a designated pathway that allows extinguishing material to reach the battery cell while the cover structure helps contain and direct the flame propagation, converting an uncontrolled hazard into a controlled delivery mechanism.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery pack includes a housing, a battery cell inside the housing and including a vent, an extinguishing member outside the housing and configured to supply an extinguishing material if the battery cell ignites, a cover between the battery cell and the extinguishing member, and a transfer member arranged in the cover and configured to transfer the extinguishing material supplied from the extinguishing member to the battery cell.