Battery Pack Gas Absorption Portion for Thermal Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
In battery packs, high-temperature gases produced during abnormal conditions, such as external short circuits, are not rapidly discharged, leading to increased internal pressure and potential damage to the battery housing, which can affect surrounding equipment.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design incorporating a gas absorption portion with a gas absorbent and a container that is sealed hermetically, where the container is configured to rupture easily due to the heat or pressure of the discharged gas, allowing rapid absorption of high-temperature gases and preventing damage to the case.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If a vent hole and filter portion are provided to discharge gas from the battery, then gas discharge function is improved, but the high-temperature gas is not rapidly discharged and temperature in the battery-housing portion rises abnormally
Solution Approach 1:
A gas absorption portion filled with gas absorbent (such as activated carbon or molecular sieve) is introduced as an intermediary substance between the battery and the external environment. This absorbent rapidly absorbs the high-temperature gas discharged from the battery, preventing temperature rise in the battery-housing portion while maintaining effective gas discharge function.
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful high-temperature gas discharged from the battery is converted into a beneficial cooling effect through rapid absorption by the gas absorbent. The absorption process reduces the temperature of the discharged gas, preventing damage to the battery-housing portion while still achieving gas discharge.
2Reliability
If the container is hermetically sealed to maintain safety, then leakage prevention is improved, but the container must be ruptured by gas pressure to enable gas absorption
Solution Approach 1:
The container's structural parameters are designed with a thickness gradient or localized thin portions that change its mechanical strength characteristics. The container maintains sufficient strength for hermetic sealing under normal conditions but has predetermined weak points that rupture when exposed to high-pressure gas, enabling gas absorption while maintaining reliability during normal operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The container is pre-designed with specific structural features (such as thin portions or predetermined rupture points) during manufacturing. These preliminary structural arrangements ensure that the container will rupture at controlled locations when gas pressure exceeds a certain threshold, enabling the gas absorption function to activate automatically during abnormal conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively suppresses temperature increases and damage to the battery pack, enhancing safety by rapidly absorbing high-temperature gases and maintaining a hermetically sealed condition, preventing leakage and equipment damage.
Implementation Method 1
a gas absorption portion absorbing the gas; and a case housing the secondary battery and the gas absorption portion
Data Source
AI summary
A battery pack comprising: a secondary battery including a safety valve; a gas absorption portion including a gas absorbent represented by zeolite and a container hermetically enclosing the gas absorbent; and a case housing the secondary battery and the gas absorption portion. The safety valve is configured to discharge a gas produced in the secondary battery at the time of abnormality. The container includes a principal surface facing the safety valve, for example, and when the gas is discharged, the container is unsealed by rupturing of at least the principal surface of the container by an effect of heat or pressure of the gas.