Battery Pack Venting for Thermal Runaway Gas Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing energy storage devices discharge harmful gases directly into the compartment upon thermal runaway, leading to potential gas accumulation and environmental pollution.
Innovation Solution
A centralized gas processing system using a ventilation pipe and gas extracting apparatus to collect and rapidly discharge gases from battery packs, preventing accumulation in the cabin.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If gas is directly discharged into the battery compartment when pressure relief valve bursts, then the gas discharge path is simple and direct, but harmful gas accumulates in the compartment causing safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a ventilation pipe as an intermediary component between the battery pack and the battery compartment. The ventilation pipe receives gas from the pressure relief valve and directs it to a designated discharge location outside the compartment, preventing direct discharge into the compartment space. This intermediary structure resolves the contradiction by adding a simple conduit that redirects gas flow without significantly increasing system complexity.
2Device complexity
If gas is discharged directly into the compartment, then no additional gas processing components are needed, but the discharge speed is insufficient to prevent gas accumulation
Solution Approach 1:
The ventilation pipe serves as a dedicated gas transmission channel that enables faster gas evacuation compared to uncontrolled direct discharge. By providing a defined pathway with appropriate cross-sectional area and orientation, the ventilation pipe increases the effective discharge speed while maintaining relatively simple system architecture.
3Productivity
If a centralized gas collection system with ventilation pipe is implemented, then gas discharge efficiency is improved, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The ventilation pipe is designed as a straightforward tubular component that connects the pressure relief valve outlet to an external discharge point. This intermediary structure improves gas discharge efficiency by providing a dedicated, optimized flow path while adding minimal structural complexity - essentially a simple conduit integrated into the existing battery pack architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The gas discharge function is segmented into distinct components: the pressure relief valve for pressure control and the ventilation pipe for gas transport. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific function, improving overall discharge efficiency while maintaining modular simplicity in the overall structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively manages and rapidly discharges harmful gases from battery packs, minimizing environmental contamination and ensuring safe operation.
Implementation Method 1
a gas extracting apparatus, wherein the gas extracting apparatus is in communication with an inside of the ventilation pipe
Data Source
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AI summary
The present application provides an energy storage device and an energy storage system. The energy storage device includes a battery rack; a battery pack disposed on the battery rack, where each battery pack includes a housing and a pressure relief valve disposed on the housing, a side of the housing is disposed with a through hole; a gas collecting component including a ventilation pipe and a gas extracting apparatus, where the ventilation pipe is connected to the housing of each battery pack and covers the pressure relief valve, the gas extracting apparatus is configured to discharge gas discharged from the battery pack into the ventilation pipe after the pressure relief valve is opened.