Battery Pack Isolation Venting for Thermal Propagation Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing battery assemblies face challenges in managing heat propagation and structural rigidity, particularly in large-scale modules, which can compromise safety and reliability.

Innovation Solution

A battery assembly design featuring cell blocks with an isolation structure and venting channels that prevent heat propagation and include venting holes for rapid discharge of high-temperature gases, combined with a cooling system for enhanced thermal management.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If cell blocks are arranged closely to increase energy density, then energy density is improved, but heat propagation between cell blocks increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveenergy densityVSAvoidheat propagation

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The battery assembly is divided into multiple cell blocks (first cell block, second cell block, etc.) that are arranged in an alternating pattern with isolation structures between them. This segmentation allows close arrangement for high energy density while maintaining thermal separation through the isolation structures.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Isolation structures are introduced as intermediary elements between adjacent cell blocks. These isolation structures include venting channels that prevent direct heat propagation between cell blocks while allowing controlled venting of gases, thus enabling close arrangement without compromising thermal safety.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If isolation structures are added between cell blocks to prevent heat propagation, then thermal safety is improved, but structural rigidity deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveheat propagationVSAvoidstructural rigidity

Core Design Contradiction:

Object-affected harmful factorsVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The isolation structures are designed with localized reinforcement features including ribs that extend between cell blocks. These ribs provide structural support and maintain rigidity in specific critical areas while allowing the isolation structures to perform their thermal separation function in other areas.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The isolation structures are formed using composite materials or multi-component structures that combine thermal insulation properties with mechanical strength. The structures include multiple components (isolation plates, ribs, venting channels) that work together to provide both thermal protection and structural support.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

3Speed

If venting channels are integrated into isolation structures, then gas discharge speed is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvegas discharge speedVSAvoidstructure complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The venting channels are merged with the isolation structures, combining two functions (thermal isolation and gas venting) into a single integrated component. This eliminates the need for separate venting systems and reduces overall structural complexity while maintaining rapid gas discharge capability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The isolation structures serve multiple functions simultaneously: they provide thermal isolation between cell blocks, structural support through ribs, and gas venting pathways through integrated channels. This multi-functionality reduces the number of separate components needed and simplifies the overall battery assembly design.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design increases energy density, improves structural rigidity, and ensures safe and reliable operation by preventing heat propagation and facilitating quick discharge of gases, enhancing safety and reliability.

Implementation Method 1

the first cover plate may include a cooling channel configured to allow a cooling fluid to flow therethrough

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 2

the plurality of venting channels of the isolation structure are configured to communicate with an exterior of the case through the first venting hole of the case

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentUS20250346126A1Battery pack including battery assembly, and electric vehicle including battery pack

Publication Date: 2025.11.13 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD

AI summary

A battery assembly including a first cell block including a plurality of first battery cells, a second cell block including a plurality of second battery cells, a case including a first accommodation space accommodating the first cell block, a second accommodation space accommodating the second cell block, and a first venting hole. An isolation structure is located between the first cell block and the second cell block, the isolation structure partitioning the first accommodation space and the second accommodation space of the case. The isolation structure includes a plurality of venting channels extending in a vertical direction. The first venting hole overlaps the isolation structure in the vertical direction, and the plurality of venting channels of the isolation structure are configured to communicate with an exterior of the case through the first venting hole of the case.