Battery Pack Line Disconnection Detection for BMS Power Continuity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing battery management systems fail to accurately detect disconnection of power supply lines, leading to the shutdown of the entire battery pack when a line for supplying power to the battery management apparatus is disconnected.

Innovation Solution

A battery pack design that includes a detecting unit to monitor current flow through a third line connecting the first power supply line with a second voltage sensing line, using a photo-coupler and diode to determine disconnection of the first line, with a micro-controller unit to verify current flow, ensuring continuous power supply to the battery management apparatus.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single power supply line is used to supply power to the battery management apparatus, then the device complexity is reduced, but the reliability deteriorates because disconnection causes the entire battery pack to shut down

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveline configurationVSAvoidpower supply continuity
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the first power supply line and second power supply line into a unified power supply system where both lines can supply power to the battery management apparatus. The detecting unit monitors both lines and the system automatically switches between them, merging their functions to ensure continuous operation and prevent shutdown upon single line disconnection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a detecting unit that proactively monitors the connection status of power supply lines before disconnection causes system failure. The micro-controller unit is prepared with switching logic that activates upon detecting line disconnection, cushioning against the harmful effect of power interruption and maintaining battery management functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

2Measurement precision

If voltage sensing lines are separated from power receiving lines, then the measurement precision is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional lines requiring disconnection detection

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage measurement accuracyVSAvoidline detection system
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The detecting unit serves multiple functions: it detects disconnection of the first power supply line, detects disconnection of the second power supply line, and enables automatic switching between power sources. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate detection mechanisms for each line, managing complexity while maintaining measurement precision through separated voltage sensing lines

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If a detecting unit with photo-coupler and diode is implemented, then the reliability is improved through accurate disconnection detection, but the device complexity increases due to additional components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedisconnection detection accuracyVSAvoiddetecting unit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a photo-coupler as an intermediary component in the detecting unit that optically couples the detection circuit with the power supply line monitoring. This intermediary enables accurate disconnection detection while electrically isolating different circuit portions, improving reliability without requiring complex direct electrical connection monitoring schemes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Accurately detects disconnection of power supply lines, preventing the battery pack from shutting down and enabling continuous operation by switching to an alternate power source when the primary power line is disconnected.

Implementation Method 1

a photo-coupler and a diode included in the photo-coupler is connected to the third line

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhoto-coupler: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP4365613B1Battery pack and operating method thereof
Publication Date: 2025.10.29 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD
  • EP4365613B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4365613B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4365613B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided is a battery pack including a battery cell, a battery management apparatus connected to the battery cell through a first line and a second line, a detecting unit configured to detect current of a third line that connects the first line with the second line, and a determining unit configured to determine whether disconnection of the first line occurs, based on whether the current of the third line is detected.