Battery Pack Discharge Housing for Thermal Runaway Particle Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery packs fail to effectively separate and manage the movement of fluids and particles during thermal runaway, leading to potential flame exposure and path straightening due to particle deposition, which compromises safety and stability.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring a discharge unit with a housing that separates into two spaces, utilizing a partition wall to alter fluid flow direction, a rotatable door for particle collection, and a protective cover that separates at high pressure to discharge fluids and particles efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a deflector structure is used to filter particles in the fluid, then flames can be suppressed, but the filtering performance degrades over time as particles are deposited and the gas path simplifies
Solution Approach 1:
The housing is divided into a first space for fluid movement and a second space for particle collection, separated by a separation panel. This segmentation prevents particles from accumulating in the fluid path, maintaining consistent filtering performance over time without degradation.
Solution Approach 2:
The particle collection function is extracted from the fluid discharge path by providing a separate second space. Particles are collected in this dedicated space while the fluid moves through the first space, preventing path simplification and maintaining filtering effectiveness.
2Device complexity
If particles are collected in the same space as fluid movement, then the structure is simpler, but the discharge path straightens when particles stack on it
Solution Approach 1:
The housing is segmented into two distinct spaces: the first space maintains a stable fluid discharge path while the second space collects particles. This segmentation prevents particles from stacking on the discharge path, maintaining path stability without excessive structural complexity.
3Reliability
If a partition wall is added to separate fluid and particle paths, then particle separation improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A separation panel divides the housing into two spaces, achieving effective particle separation. The panel is a simple structural element that creates distinct functional zones without requiring complex mechanisms, achieving high separation efficiency with minimal added complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The separation is achieved by adding a spatial dimension (the separation panel) rather than complex temporal or mechanical controls. This creates independent particle collection and fluid discharge paths through simple spatial arrangement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances safety by reducing flame exposure and preventing path straightening, thereby improving stability and managing particle separation during thermal runaway.
Implementation Method 1
a collection hole penetrating the separation panel and allowing the first space and the second space to communicate with each other
Implementation Method 2
utilizing a partition wall to alter fluid flow direction
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells, a pack case forming an accommodating space accommodating the plurality of battery cells, a through-hole penetrating one surface of the pack case, a housing coupled to the one surface of the pack case, a separation panel separating an inside of the housing into a first space and a second space, an inlet hole passing through one surface of the housing forming the first space and connected to the through-hole, an outlet hole passing through an other surface of the housing forming the first space and allowing the outside to communicate with the first space, a collection hole penetrating the separation panel and allowing the first space and the second space to communicate with each other, and a door rotatably coupled to the separation panel to open and close the collection hole.