Battery Pack Fastening Structure for Pressure-Triggered Gas Venting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery packs suffer from heat concentration and gas buildup during thermal events, leading to potential explosions and flame propagation, compromising safety and stability.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring a fastening member that separates under internal pressure, creating a buffer space and facilitating gas venting, thereby preventing heat concentration and flame propagation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If the upper frame is firmly fixed by the bolt to the barrier frame, then the structural strength and stability of the battery pack is improved, but heat concentration and gas buildup occur during thermal events leading to potential explosions
Solution Approach 1:
The fastening member is designed to transition from a fixed state during normal operation to a separable state during thermal events. The bolt can separate from the barrier frame when internal pressure increases, dynamically adapting the structural constraints to prevent heat concentration while maintaining structural integrity during normal use.
Solution Approach 2:
The fastening member is divided into separable components (bolt and barrier frame connection) that can disconnect under specific conditions. This segmentation allows the structure to break into independent sections, preventing heat propagation and gas buildup by creating separation between the upper frame and barrier frame during thermal events.
2Stability of the object's composition
If the upper frame is firmly fixed by the bolt, then the stability of the battery pack is improved, but gas discharge is blocked leading to internal pressure increase and explosion risk
Solution Approach 1:
The fastening member provides dynamic stability by maintaining firm fixation during normal operation to ensure battery pack stability, but automatically becomes separable when gas pressure increases during thermal events, allowing gas discharge while preventing explosion.
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful effect of gas buildup is addressed by extracting the constraint function from the fastening member during thermal events. The bolt separates from the barrier frame, extracting the restrictive force that would otherwise prevent gas discharge, thereby eliminating the explosion risk while maintaining stability during normal operation.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the upper frame is firmly fixed, then heat blockage prevents flame spread to other modules, but heat concentrates within the affected module causing explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The fastening member dynamically adjusts its constraint function based on thermal conditions. During normal operation, it provides firm fixation to prevent flame propagation. During thermal events, when temperature and pressure increase, it becomes separable to allow heat dissipation and gas discharge, preventing heat concentration and explosion.
Solution Approach 2:
The structure is segmented into separable components that can disconnect under thermal stress. When heat concentration occurs, the bolt separates from the barrier frame, creating physical separation that allows heat and gas to escape from the affected module, preventing explosion while the separated structure still provides some flame propagation barrier.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves uniform thermal distribution, easy gas discharge, and prevents thermal runaway by dispersing heat and gas, enhancing safety and stability.
Implementation Method 1
the fastening member is configured to be separated by an internal pressure of the pack case
Data Source
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AI summary
Disclosed is a battery pack and a vehicle including the same. The battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; a pack case in which the plurality of battery modules are accommodated; and a fastening member configured to fasten the pack case, wherein the fastening member is configured to be separated by an internal pressure of the pack case.