Battery Pack Exhaust Assembly With Sealed Venting for Thermal Runaway
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-temperature and high-pressure gases ejected from a thermally runaway battery cell pose a risk of thermal runaway to neighboring normal battery cells due to inadequate gas expulsion and leakage through mounting gaps.
Innovation Solution
An exhaust assembly with a connecting portion and sealing structure that directs high-temperature and high-pressure gases and conductive particles away from normal battery cells, utilizing a sealing structure to prevent gas leakage and a partitioned cavity system to contain ejected materials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the explosion-proof valve is used to expel high-temperature and high-pressure gas from thermally runaway battery cells, then the gas can be expelled quickly to avoid instantaneous explosion, but the gas leakage through mounting gaps causes thermal runaway of normal battery cells in the vicinity
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust assembly is divided into separate functional components: an exhaust portion for receiving and directing gas flow, a connecting portion for mounting, and a sealing structure with disconnected cavities. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function while preventing harmful gas leakage to normal battery cells.
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful high-temperature and high-pressure gas is extracted and directed away from the normal battery cells through the exhaust portion. The exhaust assembly captures the expelled gas and channels it through a dedicated pathway that prevents contact with adjacent cells, effectively removing the harmful factor from the battery pack environment.
2Reliability
If the exhaust assembly is connected to the battery pack box using a connecting portion, then the exhaust assembly can be securely mounted, but gaps at the junction cause gas leakage
Solution Approach 1:
The sealing structure acts as an intermediary element between the connecting portion and the battery pack box. It provides a sealing interface that prevents gas leakage through the mounting gaps while maintaining secure mechanical connection. The sealing structure includes a sealing ring or sealant that fills and seals the gaps at the junction.
Solution Approach 2:
The sealing structure utilizes flexible sealing elements such as sealing rings or sealants that can deform to fill irregular gaps at the junction between the connecting portion and the box. This flexible sealing approach effectively prevents gas leakage while accommodating manufacturing tolerances and assembly variations.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the first cavity and second cavity are disconnected, then gas leakage is prevented at the connecting portion junction, but the structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust assembly's cavity system is segmented into a first cavity and a second cavity that are disconnected from each other. The first cavity receives gas from the battery cell, while the second cavity accommodates the connecting portion. This segmentation prevents gas from the first cavity from leaking through the connecting portion junction into the second cavity and reaching normal battery cells.
Data Source
AI summary
This application provides an exhaust assembly, a battery pack, and an electrical device. The exhaust assembly includes an exhaust portion, a connecting portion, and a sealing structure. The exhaust portion is configured to receive emissions from a battery cell. The exhaust assembly is connected to a box of the battery pack by the connecting portion. The sealing structure is disposed at a junction between the connecting portion and the box. In this application, high-temperature and high-pressure gases and conductive particles expelled from a thermally runaway battery cell can enter the exhaust portion and be directionally expelled out of the battery pack through the exhaust portion. The connecting portion may be connected to the box of the battery pack by a connecting piece such as a bolt. The sealing structure can seal a gap at a junction between the connecting portion and the box.