Vehicle Battery Pack Short Circuit Bypass Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric vehicles can unintentionally stop due to internal short circuits in the battery pack, posing safety risks as the voltage output is cut off, leading to potential vehicle hazards.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design with multiple switches and a controller that detects short circuits and bypasses the affected areas, allowing safe operation by outputting voltage through alternative paths, ensuring the vehicle can continue to function in a safety mode even with internal short circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the battery pack uses a normal power supply line without bypass capability, then the structure is simple, but the vehicle stops when a short circuit occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply line is segmented into multiple independent paths (first power supply line and second power supply line) that can operate separately. When a short circuit occurs in one path, the other path can continue to supply power, ensuring vehicle operation continuity without requiring complete system shutdown.
Solution Approach 2:
Switches are introduced as intermediary components that can redirect current flow between different power supply paths. These switches act as mediators that isolate short-circuited sections while maintaining power flow through alternative routes, resolving the contradiction between reliability and structural simplicity.
2Reliability
If the battery pack includes multiple switches and bypass paths, then the vehicle can operate in safety mode during short circuits, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply system is made dynamic through controllable switches that can reconfigure the circuit topology in real-time based on short circuit detection. This dynamic reconfiguration allows the system to adapt to fault conditions, maintaining reliability while managing complexity through intelligent control rather than fixed complex hardware.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters (circuit configuration, active power paths) in response to detected short circuits. By dynamically altering which batteries and switches are active, the system maintains power output capability while isolating faulty components, achieving short circuit tolerance without permanently increasing hardware complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery pack includes: a plurality of batteries including a first battery and a second battery; a first input/output port including a first input/output positive port and a first input/output negative port; a second input/output port including a second input/output positive port and a second input/output negative port; a first switch electrically connecting the positive terminal of the second battery to the negative terminal of the first battery or to the second input/output positive port; a second switch electrically connecting the negative terminal of the first battery to the first switch or to the first input/output negative port; and a third switch electrically connecting the negative terminal of the second battery to the first input/output negative port or electrically connecting the second switch to the first input/output negative port or to the second input/output negative port.