Battery Pack Fire Extinguishing Layout for Uniform Module Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery packs face challenges in preventing secondary ignition or explosion due to thermal runaway, as heat or flames from an ignited battery module can transfer to neighboring modules, leading to further explosions. Additionally, the fire extinguishing capability varies among battery modules depending on their distance from the fire extinguishing device, resulting in inconsistent and potentially ineffective extinguishing.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design that includes at least two battery modules arranged in one direction, equipped with a fire extinguishing unit. This unit features a fire extinguishing tank, a pipe system with a flow rate adjuster to maintain a constant feed flow rate, and valves to supply the extinguishing agent directly to overheated battery modules. The pipe system includes common and distribution pipes with varying diameters to ensure consistent flow rates across all modules.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional fire extinguishing device is used without flow rate adjustment, then the device structure is simple, but the fire extinguishing capability varies among battery modules depending on distance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by providing different pipe diameters for different distribution pipes. Specifically, distribution pipes are classified into first, second, and third types with progressively smaller diameters based on their distance from the fire extinguishing tank. This localized adjustment of pipe diameter ensures that each battery module receives a consistent flow rate of fire extinguishing agent regardless of its position in the battery pack.
2Productivity
If the fire extinguishing agent flow rate varies by distance, then the device structure is simple, but the extinguishing speed and effectiveness are reduced for distant modules
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the physical parameter of pipe diameter to control the flow rate of fire extinguishing agent. By changing the pipe diameter parameter for different distribution pipes, the system compensates for distance-related flow rate variations without requiring complex active control mechanisms. This ensures consistent extinguishing speed across all battery modules.
3Reliability
If a single pipe diameter is used for all distribution pipes, then the manufacturing is simple, but the flow rate consistency across different modules is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by providing different pipe diameters for different distribution pipes. Specifically, distribution pipes are classified into first, second, and third types with progressively smaller diameters based on their distance from the fire extinguishing tank. This localized adjustment of pipe diameter ensures that each battery module receives a consistent flow rate of fire extinguishing agent regardless of its position in the battery pack.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the risk of secondary ignition or explosion by ensuring a consistent and reliable fire extinguishing capability across all battery modules, regardless of their distance from the extinguishing device. This is achieved through the constant flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent and direct injection into overheated modules, thereby stabilizing the fire extinguishing process.
Implementation Method 1
a flow rate adjuster provided to the pipe and configured to adjust a feed flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent to be constant
Implementation Method 2
at least one valve configured to supply the fire extinguishing agent from the fire extinguishing tank to a battery module of the at least two battery modules having an internal temperature rising over a predetermined temperature
Implementation Method 3
a battery pack, which reduces the risk of secondary ignition or explosion
Implementation Method 4
heat or flame may be transferred to neighboring secondary batteries to cause secondary explosions
Data Source
AI summary
A battery pack includes at least two battery modules arranged in one direction; and a fire extinguisher having a fire extinguishing tank configured to contain a fire extinguishing agent therein, a pipe connected to the fire extinguishing tank to supply the fire extinguishing agent from the fire extinguishing tank to each of the at least two battery modules, a flow rate adjuster provided to the pipe and configured to adjust a feed flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent to be constant, and at least one valve configured to supply the fire extinguishing agent from the fire extinguishing tank to the battery module having an internal temperature rising over a predetermined temperature.