Battery Pack UVLO Control for Over-Discharge Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery management systems fail to prevent over-discharging of battery cells, leading to impaired performance and reduced lifespan, especially when operating in low-voltage states.
Innovation Solution
A battery management apparatus comprising a buck converter, comparator, and detector that generates a driving voltage based on the battery pack voltage, compares it with a reference voltage, and controls the buck converter's operation to prevent over-discharge by disabling it when the voltage falls below a threshold, operating in Under Voltage Lock OUT (UVLO) mode to minimize power consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the battery management apparatus is continuously driven in a low-voltage state, then the battery cell may be over-discharged, but the apparatus can maintain monitoring function
Solution Approach 1:
The battery management apparatus dynamically adjusts its operating state based on battery voltage levels. The control unit transitions the apparatus between active monitoring mode and sleep mode, dynamically controlling the power consumption to prevent over-discharge while maintaining necessary monitoring functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus continuously monitors battery voltage and uses this feedback to control its own operation. When voltage drops below a threshold, the control unit receives feedback and automatically enters sleep mode to prevent further discharge, creating a closed-loop protection mechanism.
2Reliability
If the battery management apparatus operates in low-voltage state, then it can monitor battery status, but the battery cell performance and lifetime are impaired
Solution Approach 1:
The apparatus performs preliminary protection by detecting low-voltage conditions and preventing over-discharge before it occurs. The control unit proactively enters sleep mode when voltage thresholds are approached, preserving battery lifetime by avoiding the harmful effects of deep discharge.
Solution Approach 2:
The monitoring capability is maintained dynamically through periodic wake-up cycles. The apparatus alternates between sleep mode and active monitoring, providing sufficient status checks while minimizing the time spent in low-voltage operation that would harm battery lifetime.
3Reliability
If the buck converter is disabled to prevent over-discharge, then battery protection is improved, but the apparatus cannot regenerate the battery cell
Solution Approach 1:
The buck converter operates periodically rather than continuously. The control unit enables the buck converter at specific intervals to perform regeneration operations, then disables it to prevent over-discharge. This periodic operation balances protection and regeneration needs.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically controls the buck converter's enable/disable state based on real-time battery conditions. The control unit adjusts the converter's operation mode between regeneration and protection, adapting to changing battery states to achieve both regeneration and over-discharge prevention.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Prevents over-discharge of battery cells, extending the battery pack's standby time and improving the efficiency of the battery management system by significantly reducing power consumption in low-voltage states.
Implementation Method 1
a buck converter configured to generate a driving voltage based on a voltage of a battery pack
Implementation Method 2
a comparator configured to compare a divided voltage generated based on the voltage of the battery pack with a reference voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A battery management apparatus may include a buck converter configured to generate a driving voltage based on a voltage of a battery pack, a comparator configured to compare a divided voltage generated based on the voltage of the battery pack with a reference voltage and control an operation of the buck converter based on a result of the comparison, and a detector configured to detect whether the battery pack and a target device are connected and control an operation of the comparator based on a result of the detection. A battery management device and a method for operating the same may prevent over-discharge of a battery cell, and the efficiency of the battery management device may be increased.