Battery Pack Venting Baffle Structure for Flame Blocking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery packs fail to effectively block external exposure of flames or sparks generated during abnormal situations, posing a risk of larger fires or explosions.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design incorporating a barrier unit with baffles and vent holes that guides vent gases outside while blocking flames and sparks, using a multi-stage mechanism to prevent their external exposure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If vent holes are provided to discharge vent gas outside the battery pack, then the vent gas can be discharged safely, but flames or sparks may also be discharged to the outside causing larger fires or explosions
Solution Approach 1:
The vent hole is divided into multiple segments: a first vent hole for gas discharge, a second vent hole positioned above it, and a blocking baffle structure with multiple baffles that segment the path between them. This segmentation allows vent gas to pass through while blocking flames and sparks generated during thermal runaway events.
Solution Approach 2:
A blocking baffle is introduced as an intermediary element between the first vent hole and the second vent hole. This baffle acts as a mediator that allows the passage of vent gas while blocking the harmful flames and sparks, thus resolving the contradiction between needing to discharge gas and preventing fire spread.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a blocking structure is added to prevent flame or spark discharge, then external exposure of flames is blocked, but the vent gas discharge path may be obstructed
Solution Approach 1:
The venting system is segmented into multiple components: lower vent holes for primary gas discharge, blocking baffles for flame prevention, and upper vent holes for secondary gas discharge. This segmentation ensures that while flames are blocked, vent gas can still escape through the multi-level structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The venting system transitions from a single-plane blocking approach to a multi-dimensional structure with vertical stacking of vent holes and baffles. The blocking baffle is positioned at an angle and extends in multiple directions, creating a three-dimensional path that allows gas passage while blocking flames horizontally.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents external exposure of flames and sparks, reducing the risk of fires or explosions by guiding vent gases out safely and blocking external ejection of flames and sparks.
Implementation Method 1
a barrier unit which guides a vent gas inside the battery pack to outside of the battery pack
Implementation Method 2
at least one blocking baffle for blocking the flame or the spark generated from the at least one battery cell
Data Source
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AI summary
A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a battery module assembly having at least one battery cell, a pack case configured to accommodate the battery module assembly, and a barrier unit provided on at least one side of the pack case, configured to discharge a vent gas in the pack case to the outside of the pack case and having at least one blocking baffle disposed obliquely to have a predetermined inclination angle.