Battery Pack Venting Structure for Directed Cell Ejection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Battery packs face safety risks from fires or explosions due to the ejection of flame and high-temperature gas from battery cells, which can damage internal components and pose a threat to users or external devices.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring a cell frame, guide cover, and pack housing with a discharge portion that allows internal materials to be discharged through a controlled passage, including a thin discharge portion that self-perforates under high temperature, along with features like screen ribs and a cover film to manage the direction of ejected materials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a battery pack includes multiple battery cells, then the energy storage capacity increases, but the risk of fire or explosion increases due to potential ejection of flame and high-temperature gas from individual cells
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and isolates the harmful ejection (flame and high-temperature gas) from the battery pack's internal components by providing a dedicated discharge portion that directs the ejection outward. The guide cover and moving passage separate the harmful flow path from sensitive components, effectively removing the threat of damage to internal structures while maintaining the multi-cell energy storage configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary structures (guide cover, moving passage, and discharge portion) that mediate between the battery cells and the external environment. These intermediaries control and direct the ejection of flame and high-temperature gas, preventing direct contact with internal components while allowing the natural pressure relief process to occur safely.
2Reliability
If safety measures are added to prevent fire or gas explosion damage, then the safety level improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the safety function into the existing battery pack housing structure. The guide cover, moving passage, and discharge portion are integrated as part of the pack housing rather than being separate additive components. This combining approach provides comprehensive safety protection while minimizing the increase in device complexity by utilizing the existing structural framework.
Solution Approach 2:
The pack housing with its guide cover and discharge portion serves multiple functions: it provides structural support for the battery cells, guides the ejection of flame and gas, protects internal components from damage, and enables controlled discharge of pressure. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated safety components, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively directs high-temperature gas and flame away from internal components and external devices, minimizing damage and improving safety without additional components, while reducing manufacturing costs.
Implementation Method 1
a thin discharge portion that self-perforates under high temperature
Data Source
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AI summary
A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a plurality of battery cells, each configured to discharge an internal material to the outside by the internal pressure when the internal pressure increases over a predetermined pressure; a cell frame configured to accommodate the plurality of battery cells so that the internal material is discharged in at least one direction; one or more guide covers configured to cover at least one side of the plurality of battery cells, at least a portion of which is spaced apart from the cell frame by a predetermined distance to form a moving passage through which the internal material moves; and a pack housing having an accommodation space for accommodating the cell frame therein and a discharge portion configured such that a portion facing the distal end of the moving passage is perforated by the internal material.