Battery Pack Vent Structure for Rapid Cell Gas Discharge
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery packs do not effectively and rapidly discharge gas generated in abnormal battery cells, which can lead to thermal runaway and safety hazards due to high-temperature gas leakage affecting neighboring cells and circuit devices.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring frames with guide ribs surrounding cell vents and a top cover with protruding barrier walls forming tunnel-type discharge paths that rapidly direct gas away from the cell vents to the outside, preventing leakage to adjacent cells and circuit devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional battery pack design without specialized vent structure is used, then device complexity is reduced, but gas discharge speed and safety are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The vent structure is segmented into multiple functional components: guide ribs that divide and direct gas flow from individual cell vents, barrier walls that segment and contain high-temperature gas within specific discharge paths, and multiple discharge channels. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function efficiently, achieving rapid gas discharge and thermal isolation without excessive overall complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The guide ribs and barrier walls act as intermediary structures between the cell vents and the external environment. These intermediaries channel and control the high-temperature gas flow, directing it through predetermined safe paths away from neighboring cells and circuit devices, thus mediating between the harmful gas discharge and the protection of surrounding components
2Speed
If gas discharge path is lengthened to reach outside, then gas can be discharged, but discharge speed decreases and thermal runaway risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The vent structure utilizes the vertical dimension by positioning guide ribs and barrier walls to create three-dimensional discharge paths that extend upward from the cell vents. This dimensional approach allows gas to be discharged rapidly in a vertical direction away from neighboring cells arranged in horizontal planes, achieving both high discharge speed and thermal runaway prevention through spatial separation
3Ease of manufacture
If high-temperature gas is allowed to flow freely, then gas discharge is simple, but neighboring cells and circuit devices are damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The barrier walls and guide ribs convert the potentially harmful high-temperature gas flow into a controlled beneficial discharge. By directing the gas through predetermined paths, the structure transforms the harmful thermal energy into a controlled flow that exits through safe channels, protecting surrounding components while maintaining efficient gas discharge
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful high-temperature gas is extracted and separated from the battery pack environment through dedicated discharge paths. The guide ribs and barrier walls extract the gas from the vicinity of neighboring cells and circuit devices, channeling it through isolated pathways that prevent thermal damage to surrounding components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design ensures rapid discharge of gas from abnormal cells through short paths, preventing thermal runaway and protecting neighboring cells and circuit components from high-temperature gas, thereby enhancing safety.
Implementation Method 1
frames including guide ribs surrounding the cell vent; and a top cover arranged above the frames to cover the frames and including a protruding barrier wall surrounding the guide ribs
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a battery pack. The battery pack includes: a battery cell including a cell vent; frames arranged together with the battery cell in a direction and coupled together to face each other with the battery cell therebetween, the frames including guide ribs surrounding the cell vent; and a top cover arranged above the frames to cover the frames and including a protruding barrier wall surrounding the guide ribs.According to the present disclosure, the battery pack has an improved vent structure to rapidly discharge gas generated in an abnormal battery cell to the outside of the battery pack.