Battery Pack Venting Passage for Thermal Runaway Containment

The patent introduces partition walls between adjacent battery cells that divide the internal space into separate compartments. These partition walls include gas discharge passages that segment the potential flow path of high-temperature gases, preventing direct propagation from one cell to another while maintaining close packing of battery modules for high energy density.

The patent employs non-flammable fillers and cooling fluids as intermediary substances within the gas discharge passages and spaces between battery cells. These intermediaries intercept and cool high-temperature gases before they can reach adjacent cells, acting as a protective barrier that enables close mounting while preventing thermal propagation.

The patent fills the spaces between battery cells and around venting components with non-flammable, electrically insulating materials such as foam or resin. These materials create an inert environment that prevents flammable gases from causing electrical short circuits while allowing thermal runaway gases to be safely discharged through dedicated passages.

The patent extracts the venting function from the general pack housing structure and creates dedicated gas discharge passages that are spatially separated from electrical components. This extraction ensures that discharged gases do not come into contact with conductive parts, eliminating the risk of electrical short circuits while maintaining thermal safety.

The patent merges the partition wall structure with the gas discharge passage system, integrating thermal isolation and gas venting functions into a single integrated component. This merging provides effective thermal propagation control while avoiding the need for separate complex venting systems, thus maintaining reasonable device complexity.

The patent introduces vertical gas discharge passages that extend in the height direction, utilizing the third dimension to route hot gases away from adjacent battery cells. This dimensional approach provides effective thermal isolation without requiring complex horizontal separation structures, maintaining simplicity while controlling thermal propagation.