Battery Pack Venting With Centrifugal Gas-Solid Separation
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face safety risks due to thermal runaway, which can cause the ejection of high-temperature particulate matter and gas, leading to potential fires outside the battery pack, and existing gas-solid separation methods using filters are inefficient, either clogging or failing to intercept particulates effectively.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design incorporating a gas-solid separation flow channel on the upper cover that utilizes centrifugal force to separate gas from particulate matter, eliminating the need for a separate filter and preventing particulate matter from being ejected outside the pack.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a filter is used to block high-temperature particulates, then particulate matter can be intercepted, but the filter may be easily clogged causing poor exhaust
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful particulate matter from the exhaust flow by introducing a water spray that captures and separates particles from the gas stream. This extraction method avoids the clogging problem of filters while maintaining effective particulate removal through liquid-phase separation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces water as an intermediary substance between the hot exhaust gas and the particulate matter. The water spray acts as a mediator that absorbs particles through impaction and condensation, preventing direct contact between particulates and solid filter media, thereby avoiding clogging while maintaining separation efficiency.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the pore size of the filter is excessively small, then high-temperature particulates can be blocked, but the filter may be easily clogged causing poor exhaust
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical filtration system with a fluid-based separation system using water spray. Instead of relying on mechanical pore structures that require maintenance and replacement, the system uses hydrodynamic principles to separate particulates, eliminating the need for complex filter maintenance while achieving effective particle removal.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the separation mechanism from solid-phase filtration to liquid-phase separation. By altering the phase and properties of the separation medium from solid filter material to liquid water spray, the system achieves particulate removal through different physical mechanisms (impaction, condensation, absorption) that do not suffer from clogging issues.
3Productivity
If the pore size of the filter is excessively large, then exhaust efficiency is maintained, but the filter cannot intercept high-temperature particulates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a dynamic water spray system that actively interacts with the exhaust flow. The water droplets are dispersed and move dynamically within the exhaust stream, creating multiple capture opportunities for particulates. This dynamic approach maintains high exhaust efficiency while achieving effective particle interception through continuous liquid-gas interaction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances safety performance by effectively separating gas and particulate matter, reducing the risk of fires and simplifying the structure while maintaining efficient exhaust, thus improving the reliability and safety of the battery pack.
Implementation Method 1
a gas-solid separation flow channel adapted to centrifugally separate gas from particulate matter in flue gas flowing through the gas-solid separation flow channel
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular, relates to a battery pack. A box body and an upper cover are included, and box body has a cell installation compartment and an exhaust compartment. The upper cover covers the box body and has a gas-solid separation flow channel adapted to centrifugally separate gas from particulate matter in flue gas flowing through the gas-solid separation flow channel. A gas inlet of the gas-solid separation flow channel communicates with the cell installation compartment, and a gas outlet of the gas-solid separation flow channel communicates with the exhaust compartment.