Battery Pack Voltage Measurement via Segmented Module Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for accurately measuring the voltage of battery packs in electric vehicles lack efficiency and precision, which can lead to safety concerns and reduced energy efficiency due to inadequate monitoring of battery states.
Innovation Solution
A battery control apparatus that includes a battery module voltage measurer and a battery pack voltage measurer, utilizing distribution elements like resistors to distribute and extract voltage values, along with an analog-to-digital converter to convert signals, and isolators to prevent electrical interference, enabling precise voltage measurement and control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional voltage measurement methods are used for battery packs, then the measurement process is simple, but the measurement precision and reliability are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The battery pack voltage measurement is segmented into multiple battery module measurements. Each battery module voltage is measured separately using individual measurement circuits, and the total pack voltage is calculated by summing the module voltages. This segmentation improves measurement precision while distributing the system complexity across modular components.
Solution Approach 2:
Distribution elements (resistors) are introduced as intermediaries to divide the battery pack voltage into measurable portions corresponding to individual battery modules. These resistors create voltage division circuits that enable precise measurement of each module's voltage contribution to the total pack voltage.
2Reliability
If battery voltage is not accurately monitored, then the system operation is simple, but safety and energy efficiency deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The measurement apparatus provides continuous feedback on battery module voltages to the control unit. This feedback enables real-time monitoring of battery state, allowing the control system to detect abnormal conditions (overcharge, overdischarge, voltage imbalance) and take corrective actions to maintain safety and energy efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The voltage measurement apparatus serves multiple functions: measuring individual module voltages, calculating total pack voltage, detecting battery state (charge level, health), and providing safety monitoring. This multi-functionality improves reliability without proportionally increasing complexity.
3Loss of information
If battery module voltages are measured individually, then the state of charge estimation is improved, but the measurement time and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The measurement circuits are pre-configured to simultaneously measure voltages across all battery modules. By having the measurement infrastructure in place beforehand, the system can quickly acquire voltage data from all modules without sequential measurement delays, reducing the time loss while maintaining accurate state of charge information.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for accurate and efficient measurement of battery pack voltages, enhancing safety and energy efficiency by preventing overcharge and overdischarge, extending battery life, and providing reliable state-of-charge and state-of-health estimates.
Implementation Method 1
distributing a voltage of a battery pack using distribution elements connected to the battery pack
Implementation Method 2
converting the distributed voltage to a digital signal using the ADC
Data Source
AI summary
A method and apparatus for measuring a voltage of a battery pack are provided. A battery control apparatus may include a voltage distributor configured to distribute a voltage of a battery pack including battery modules, using distribution elements connected to the battery pack, and a voltage extractor configured to extract a voltage value of the voltage of the battery pack by measuring the distributed voltage.