Parallel Battery Pole Connection With Fuse Branch Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In parallel battery banks, thermal runaway in one battery can cause excessive current flow to other batteries, accelerating the thermal runaway process and leading to overcurrent and abnormal discharge, making it challenging to isolate the affected battery and restore normal operation.
Innovation Solution
A parallel electrical connection structure comprising a common adjusting busway and electrically connecting branches, where the branches have lower current carrying capacity than the busway, allowing for overcurrent fusing and isolation of the battery with thermal runaway while maintaining normal operation of other batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a parallel battery bank is used to increase capacity, then the energy storage capability is improved, but when thermal runaway occurs in one battery, excessive current flows to other batteries causing overcurrent and abnormal discharge
Solution Approach 1:
The parallel battery bank is segmented into independent parallel branches, each with its own fuse. When thermal runaway occurs in one battery, the fuse in that specific branch opens to isolate it, preventing excessive current from affecting other batteries while maintaining the overall parallel structure and capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
A current-limiting resistor or fuse is introduced as an intermediary element in each parallel branch. This intermediary component limits the current flow when thermal runaway occurs, preventing direct excessive current transmission between batteries while allowing normal operation under regular conditions.
2Stability of the object's composition
If batteries with very low differences in capacity, resistance and voltage are selected for parallel grouping, then the normal operating current distribution is improved, but the ability to detect and isolate thermal runaway early is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Fuses are pre-installed in each parallel branch before operation. When thermal runaway occurs and causes overcurrent, the fuse automatically opens as a preliminary protective action, isolating the affected battery before the thermal runaway can spread to other batteries, thus combining stable current distribution with automatic detection and isolation capability.
3Reliability
If the current carrying capacity of each electrically connecting branch is made lower than that of the common adjusting busway, then the isolation capability during thermal runaway is improved, but the normal current carrying capability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Different parts of the electrical connection system have different current carrying capacities: the common adjusting busway has high current carrying capacity to handle total bank current, while individual branch connections have lower current carrying capacity designed to open during thermal runaway. This local differentiation of electrical properties enables both high-power operation and reliable isolation capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively isolates batteries with thermal runaway, preventing adverse effects on other batteries and ensuring the battery pack's safe operation by fusing the affected branches and maintaining normal current flow in the rest.
Implementation Method 1
the current carrying capacity of each electrically connecting branch is lower than the current carrying capacity of the common adjusting busway
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a parallel electrical connection structure for battery poles, a parallel battery bank, a battery pack, and a manufacturing method thereof. The parallel electrical connection structure mainly comprises a common adjusting busway and a plurality of electrically connecting branches, the two ends of each of the electrically connecting branches are configured to be electrically connected to the poles of the same polarity of the plurality of individual batteries and the common adjusting busway, the poles of the same polarity of different individual batteries are connected in shunt via the common adjusting busway and the electrically connecting branches, and the current carrying capacity of each electrically connecting branch is smaller than that of the common adjusting busway. With the present invention, any battery with thermal runaway in a new energy battery pack can be discovered and isolated as early as possible, and the development of the thermal runaway in the battery can be blocked as soon as possible, to avoid negative effects of the battery with thermal runaway on other normal batteries in the battery pack and ensure the normal operation of the battery pack.