Traction Battery Preheating Control for Fast-Charge Arrival Temperature
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traction batteries in electrically-powered motor vehicles operate inefficiently and risk damage when operated outside their optimal temperature range, particularly during rapid charging at low temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A method and control device for predefining a target temperature for the traction battery upon arrival at a rapid charging station, predicting its current temperature, and adjusting the temperature control during the journey to achieve the target temperature efficiently, using strategies like trimming the electric drive machine or a coolant circuit for heating.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the traction battery is operated outside its optimal temperature range to enable rapid charging, then charging speed is improved, but the battery is exposed to damage risk and operates inefficiently
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary heating of the traction battery using the coolant circuit before rapid charging begins. Temperature predictions are made in advance based on journey data, and heating is initiated proactively to ensure the battery reaches optimal temperature range before the charging process starts, preventing damage during fast charging
2Productivity
If the traction battery is heated to optimal temperature before rapid charging, then charging efficiency is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system converts the waste heat generated by the electric drive machine during vehicle operation into a useful resource for heating the traction battery. By trimming the drive machine operation or utilizing excess heat from the coolant circuit, the system recovers energy that would otherwise be lost and uses it to heat the battery, reducing the need for additional energy consumption dedicated solely to battery heating
3Temperature
If the electric drive machine is trimmed to generate more heat for battery heating, then battery temperature control is improved, but vehicle propulsion performance decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the trimming level of the electric drive machine based on real-time conditions including battery temperature, vehicle speed, driver behavior, and proximity to charging stations. The control device continuously optimizes the balance between heat generation for battery heating and propulsion performance requirements, allowing temporary trimming only when conditions permit and adjusting the degree of trimming dynamically rather than applying a fixed reduction
4Measurement precision
If temperature control is continuously adjusted during the journey to the charging station, then arrival temperature accuracy is improved, but control system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements a feedback control mechanism where the control device continuously monitors actual battery temperature, compares it with the predicted temperature, and adjusts heating control instructions accordingly. Temperature predictions are made based on journey data, and the system uses the difference between predicted and actual temperatures to refine future predictions and adjust heating strategies, achieving accurate temperature control through iterative learning rather than complex real-time calculations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures rapid and efficient charging of the traction battery without damage by ensuring it reaches the optimal operating temperature before arrival at the charging station, balancing energy consumption and driving performance.
Implementation Method 1
a coolant circuit for cooling the traction battery
Implementation Method 2
strategies like trimming the electric drive machine or a coolant circuit for heating
Data Source
AI summary
A method for temperature control of a traction battery includes predefining a target temperature which the traction battery should have at the end of a journey and upon arrival at a fast-charging station; predicting a temperature which the traction battery will have at the end of the journey and upon arrival at the fast-charging station; determining a temperature difference between the target temperature and the predicted temperature; predefining a temperature control specification for temperature control of the traction battery during the journey of the motor vehicle to the fast-charging station in accordance with the determined temperature difference, so that the target temperature prevails upon arrival at the fast-charging station; and controlling the temperature of the traction battery according to the predetermined temperature control specification during the journey of the vehicle.