Battery Cell Pressure Relief Wall Layout for Thermal Runaway Venting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cells suffer from untimely pressure relief during thermal runaway, leading to poor reliability.
Innovation Solution
A battery cell design with a pressure relief mechanism on a first wall portion facing the edges of electrode plates, allowing discharged medium to flow quickly to the mechanism, and optimizing the width and positioning of the pressure relief region to enhance timeliness and reliability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the pressure relief mechanism is arranged on a wall portion facing the electrode assembly, then the discharged medium can reach the pressure relief mechanism quickly, but the structural complexity of the battery cell increases
Solution Approach 1:
The battery cell shell is divided into multiple wall portions (first wall portion, second wall portion, third wall portion, fourth wall portion), with the pressure relief mechanism specifically arranged on the first wall portion that faces the electrode assembly. This segmentation allows the pressure relief function to be optimized independently without redesigning the entire shell structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The first wall portion acts as an intermediary structure between the electrode assembly and the pressure relief mechanism. By positioning the pressure relief mechanism on this intermediate wall portion rather than directly on the electrode assembly, the design achieves quick response while maintaining structural modularity and avoiding direct complexity.
2Reliability
If the width of the pressure relief region is increased, then more discharged medium can reach the pressure relief mechanism quickly, but the available space in the battery cell is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure relief region is designed with specific local dimensions (width D and length L) on the first wall portion, creating a localized area optimized for pressure relief function. This allows the majority of the battery cell volume to remain available for electrode assembly while providing sufficient pressure relief capacity in the specific location where it is needed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design ensures rapid pressure relief by shortening the path for discharged medium to reach the pressure relief mechanism, improving the timeliness and reliability of the battery cell.
Implementation Method 1
when the battery cell has thermal runaway
Implementation Method 2
pressure can be relieved through the pressure relief mechanism
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery cell includes a shell and an electrode assembly. The shell includes a first wall portion. The electrode assembly is accommodated in the shell. The electrode assembly includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate that have opposite polarities, and the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are stacked in a first direction. In a second direction, the first wall portion faces an edge of the first electrode plate and/or an edge of the second electrode plate; the second direction intersects with the first direction; and the first wall portion is provided with a pressure relief mechanism.