Autonomous Battery Protection Circuit Without Software
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing rechargeable battery protection devices require software assistance and cannot autonomously switch the power supply circuit on or off when the battery has no power but a charger is present, limiting their effectiveness in protecting non-detachable battery lifetimes.
Innovation Solution
A rechargeable battery protection device comprising a voltage detector, logic circuit, output stage, and switches (FETs with body diodes) that autonomously control the charging current path based on voltage differences between battery terminals, allowing for both charging and automatic cut-off when necessary.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If software is used to determine whether the power supply circuit is on or off, then the protection circuit can be miniaturized to a microcomputer, but the device still needs software assistance and cannot autonomously switch when the battery has no power
Solution Approach 1:
The protection device uses self-service by implementing autonomous switching capability through hardware-based voltage detection and comparison circuits that automatically control the power supply circuit without requiring software intervention. The voltage detector continuously monitors battery voltage and the comparator automatically triggers switching when voltage thresholds are met, enabling the system to serve itself without external software control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the software-based control system with a hardware-based automatic control system. The voltage detector, comparator, and switching circuitry form a purely hardware implementation that directly responds to voltage conditions without requiring microcomputer processing or software logic, thereby achieving autonomous operation.
2Productivity
If the charger is ready to charge when the battery has no power, then charging can be performed, but the battery lifetime may be compromised without proper protection
Solution Approach 1:
The protection device performs preliminary action by continuously monitoring battery voltage through the voltage detector before charging begins. The circuit pre-establishes voltage thresholds and automatically activates the switching mechanism when the battery reaches critical voltage levels, preventing overcharging before it can damage the battery, thus protecting battery lifetime while enabling efficient charging.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback through the voltage detector that continuously monitors battery voltage and feeds this information to the comparator. The comparator compares the detected voltage against reference thresholds and automatically adjusts the power supply circuit state accordingly, creating a closed-loop control system that protects battery lifetime while maintaining charging efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables effective protection and management of rechargeable battery lifetimes by autonomously controlling the charging process, ensuring safe and efficient charging without software dependency.
Implementation Method 1
a voltage detector for detecting voltages of a first terminal and a second terminal of a rechargeable battery
Implementation Method 2
a first switch linked to the second terminal of the rechargeable battery and the logic circuit for receiving the second voltage from the logic circuit for switching on a current path
Data Source
AI summary
A rechargeable battery protection device has a voltage detector, a logic circuit, an output stage, a first switch, a second switch and inverter circuits. The device turns on a charger to charge a rechargeable battery or turns off the charger not to charge the rechargeable battery depending on the purpose for battery protection.