Battery Thermal Management via Resonant Current Heating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Batteries experience significant performance degradation and safety risks in low temperature environments, with reduced available energy and power, accelerated aging, and increased risk of short circuits and thermal runaway.
Innovation Solution
An energy storage device incorporating an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, a direct current-direct current conversion circuit, and an inductance-capacitance resonance circuit, which generates a resonant current using electrical energy from either an alternating current input or the battery itself to maintain the battery at an appropriate temperature, thereby preventing damage from low temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the battery operates in a low temperature environment, then the device can function in cold conditions, but the available energy and power are severely attenuated and service life is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The heating circuit is activated before the battery is charged or discharged in low temperature conditions. The heating element, connected in parallel with the battery, is controlled by a control circuit that detects temperature and activates heating when temperature is below a threshold, thereby pre-warming the battery to avoid performance degradation and extend service life
Solution Approach 2:
A heating element is introduced as an intermediary component between the battery and the low temperature environment. This heating element, controlled by a temperature-sensitive control circuit, mediates the thermal interaction by adding heat when needed, allowing the battery to operate reliably in cold conditions without direct exposure to harmful low temperatures
2Adaptability or versatility
If the battery operates in a low temperature environment, then the device can function in cold conditions, but metallic lithium accumulates on the negative electrode surface causing short circuits and thermal runaway
Solution Approach 1:
The heating circuit is activated before charging or discharging occurs in low temperature conditions. By pre-warming the battery through the heating element controlled by the temperature-sensitive circuit, the battery reaches a safe operating temperature before lithium ion plating can occur, preventing metallic lithium accumulation on the negative electrode surface
Solution Approach 2:
The heating element and control circuit serve as an intermediary protective system between the battery and low temperature conditions. This system monitors temperature and activates heating when below threshold, creating a thermal buffer that prevents the harmful effects of low temperature including metallic lithium deposition and subsequent short circuits
3Temperature
If a heating circuit is connected in series with the battery, then the battery can be heated in low temperature, but the heating circuit occupies charge and discharge pathways
Solution Approach 1:
The heating circuit is segmented from the main charge and discharge current pathway by connecting the heating element in parallel with the battery rather than in series. This allows the heating function to operate independently without interfering with the charge and discharge pathways, maintaining full productivity while providing temperature control when needed
Solution Approach 2:
The parallel connection configuration allows the circuit to serve multiple functions: the heating element can provide thermal management when activated, while simultaneously remaining transparent to charge and discharge currents when not needed. This multi-functional design ensures that the same circuit configuration supports both heating and full-power charge/discharge operations without compromise
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively extends the service life and enhances the safety of batteries by maintaining optimal operating conditions, avoiding the need for additional battery packs and reducing the risk of damage from low temperatures.
Implementation Method 1
the inductance-capacitance resonance circuit and the direct current-direct current conversion circuit are controlled to use an electrical energy provided by the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit to generate a resonant current to heat the battery
Implementation Method 2
the first inductor provides the resonant current, the first inductor stores the electrical energy provided by the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit or the battery
Data Source
AI summary
An energy storage device and a temperature control method thereof are provided. When a temperature of a battery is lower than a preset temperature and an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit receives an alternating current input voltage, an inductance-capacitance resonance circuit and a direct current-direct current conversion circuit are controlled to use electrical energy provided by the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit to generate a resonant current to heat the battery. When the temperature of the battery is lower than the preset temperature and the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit does not receive the alternating current input voltage, the inductance-capacitance resonance circuit and the direct current-direct current conversion circuit are controlled to use electrical energy provided by the battery to generate a resonant current to heat the battery.