Battery Cell Communication Using RF Couplers for Voltage Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery power storage systems face challenges in maintaining safety and stability due to increasing DC voltage across series connections, especially with LiFePO4 batteries, which require accurate monitoring, and traditional coupling methods like capacitive and inductive coupling affect reliability and cause communication collisions.
Innovation Solution
The use of radio frequency couplers and optical transceivers in battery communication systems for series connections to improve reliability and avoid collisions, employing wireless whisper communication to form daisy chain paths without interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If batteries are connected in series to increase DC voltage for power efficiency, then power efficiency is improved, but voltage drop across the communication system increases and safety and stability become harder to maintain
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary isolation circuit between the high-voltage battery series connection and the communication system. This isolation circuit acts as a mediator that blocks high-voltage interference from affecting the communication components, thereby maintaining both the high power efficiency of series connection and the safety/stability of the communication system.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If traditional capacitive coupling is used in series connection to isolate voltages, then voltage isolation is achieved, but reliability is reduced and safety may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional capacitive coupling method with a magnetic coupling-based isolation circuit. This substitution uses magnetic field coupling instead of direct capacitive coupling, providing better electrical isolation while maintaining higher reliability and safety in the battery system.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If inductive coupling in parallel connection is used to isolate voltages, then voltage isolation is achieved, but components must withstand high voltage which affects reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary isolation circuit that uses magnetic coupling to provide voltage isolation without requiring components to directly withstand high voltages. The isolation circuit acts as a buffer, allowing voltage isolation while protecting components from high-voltage stress.
4Ease of operation
If communication system is used for parallel connection, then communication between battery units is enabled, but communication collision between different ports and main control chips affects stability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary isolation circuit in the communication path between battery units and the main control chip. This isolation circuit prevents communication collisions by providing electrical isolation while maintaining signal transmission, thereby enabling reliable communication without stability issues.
5Measurement precision
If monitoring chip is arranged to cooperate with each battery unit for accurate monitoring, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the monitoring chip to perform multiple functions: voltage monitoring, temperature monitoring, and communication with the main control chip. By making the monitoring chip universal and multi-functional, the system achieves accurate monitoring without proportionally increasing device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures safe and stable communication between battery cells by reducing network collisions and jamming impacts, allowing precise identification of transmission sources and simplifying assembly and maintenance.
Implementation Method 1
the present invention utilizes a radio frequency coupler or an optical transceiver in the communication of a battery pack with a series connection arrangement
Implementation Method 2
the present invention utilizes a radio frequency coupler or an optical transceiver in the communication of a battery pack with a series connection arrangement
Data Source
AI summary
A battery system and a battery communication system thereof, are provided by the present invention. The battery communication system includes: at least one monitoring chip, a controller and at least one radio frequency coupler. The monitoring chip is connected to at least one battery cell. The radio frequency coupler is disposed adjacent to the monitoring chip, or disposed between the monitoring chip and the controller.