Lithium-Ion Battery Roasting With Calcium Carbonate Temperature Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries face challenges in efficiently removing carbon and phosphorus impurities, leading to reduced recovery ratios and increased costs due to thermal energy inefficiencies and difficulty in temperature control during oxidative roasting treatments.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating calcium carbonate into the oxidative roasting process of waste lithium-ion batteries to control treatment temperature and efficiently remove carbon, adjusting the calcium oxide to aluminum oxide ratio, and using controlled oxidant amounts to achieve optimal oxidative roasting conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If oxidative roasting treatment is carried out at high temperature to remove carbon, then carbon removal efficiency is improved, but thermal energy cost increases and temperature control becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the oxidative roasting temperature to a specific range (600-900°C) and controlling the oxygen concentration (1-21%) to achieve effective carbon removal while minimizing energy consumption. This resolves the contradiction by finding the optimal parameter window that balances removal efficiency with energy cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements continuous oxidative roasting treatment maintaining steady temperature and oxygen supply within optimal ranges, ensuring continuous effective carbon removal without excessive energy fluctuations. This continuous controlled process avoids the energy waste associated with intermittent high-temperature spikes.
2Manufacturing precision
If oxidative roasting treatment is carried out at high temperature to remove carbon, then carbon removal efficiency is improved, but temperature control difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter from uncontrolled high temperature to a precisely controlled range (600-900°C), making the process easier to operate while maintaining effective carbon removal. This parameter optimization directly addresses the temperature control difficulty.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback control by monitoring temperature and oxygen concentration during oxidative roasting, adjusting parameters in real-time to maintain optimal conditions. This feedback mechanism simplifies operation by automatically maintaining stable conditions without requiring constant manual adjustment.
3Loss of substance
If conventional oxidative roasting is used, then carbon removal is achieved, but phosphorus is distributed to alloy and crude copper increasing purification complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the oxidative roasting parameters (temperature 600-900°C, oxygen concentration 1-21%) to selectively oxidize carbon while minimizing phosphorus oxidation and alloy formation. This parameter optimization removes carbon effectively while preventing phosphorus contamination, simplifying subsequent purification steps.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potential harm of phosphorus oxidation by controlling conditions to prevent phosphorus from entering the alloy phase. Instead of phosphorus contaminating the metal, it remains in the slag phase, turning a potential problem into a beneficial separation that simplifies purification.
4Ease of operation
If calcium carbonate is added to control temperature, then temperature control and carbon removal are improved, but process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses calcium carbonate as an intermediary substance that decomposes endothermically to control temperature during oxidative roasting. This intermediary material absorbs excess heat, stabilizing the process temperature and improving carbon removal efficiency while adding only one simple material to the process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent exploits the phase transition of calcium carbonate decomposing to calcium oxide and CO2 at specific temperature ranges. This phase transition absorbs heat and naturally regulates the roasting temperature, providing passive temperature control without complex equipment or multiple process steps.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method allows for effective and cost-effective recovery of valuable metals by minimizing carbon and phosphorus impurities, simplifying subsequent hydrometallurgical processes, and enhancing the overall efficiency and productivity of the pyrometallurgical process.
Implementation Method 1
the treatment temperature of the oxidative roasting treatment is controlled by charging calcium carbonate into a furnace together with the raw material containing the waste lithium-ion batteries
Implementation Method 2
an oxidative roasting step of carrying out an oxidative roasting treatment on a raw material containing the waste lithium-ion batteries
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for cost-effectively recovering valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries through a pyrometallurgical process. The present invention pertains to a method for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries, the method comprising: an oxidation roasting step S3 in which raw materials including waste lithium-ion batteries are subjected to an oxidation roasting treatment; and a reduction step S4 in which the obtained oxidation roasted product is reduced in the presence of carbon. In the oxidation roasting step S3, calcium carbonate is charged into a furnace together with the raw materials including waste lithium-ion batteries to control the treatment temperature of the oxidation roasting treatment.