Battery Pack RSoC Estimation Under Variable Load and Temperature

The patent applies dynamics by making the SoC estimation method adaptive to varying operating conditions. The system dynamically adjusts the estimation approach based on real-time charge/discharge speeds, powers, and temperatures, rather than using a fixed conventional method. This allows accurate SoC estimation across different working conditions while maintaining reasonable system complexity through automated adaptation.

The patent changes key parameters including introducing temperature as a critical factor, using relative SoC (RSoC) instead of absolute SoC, and adapting the estimation model based on charge/discharge rates. By changing these parameters and their relationships, the system achieves higher measurement precision without requiring overly complex external measurement equipment.

The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the system continuously monitors battery state (including temperature, charge/discharge rates, and estimated SoC) and adjusts power delivery accordingly. This feedback loop prevents overuse by providing real-time information about battery health status and adjusting operational parameters to maintain reliability while maximizing safe capacity utilization.

The system applies beforehand cushioning by establishing safety margins and protective measures before battery damage occurs. The estimation method predicts remaining capacity and health status in advance, allowing the system to adjust power delivery proactively to prevent adverse effects on battery health while still utilizing available capacity safely.

The patent applies partial action by using relative SoC estimation that provides sufficient accuracy for practical applications without requiring complete charge/discharge cycles. The system determines maximum capacity and current state through partial measurements and adaptive estimation, achieving acceptable measurement precision significantly faster than conventional complete cycling methods.

The system performs self-service by using its own operational data (voltage, current, temperature during normal use) to estimate capacity and SoC, rather than requiring separate complete charge/discharge testing. This allows the system to continuously update its capacity knowledge during normal operation, eliminating the need for time-consuming external testing cycles.

The patent introduces another dimension by adding temperature and charge/discharge rate information to the traditional SoC concept, creating a multi-dimensional battery state description. This provides users with more comprehensive information about actual available capacity and power requirements without significantly complicating the user interface, as the system handles the complexity internally.

The patent uses relative SoC (RSoC) as an intermediary concept that bridges the gap between complex battery physics and user needs. RSoC provides a simplified metric that incorporates temperature and rate effects, giving users actionable information about remaining runtime and power availability without requiring them to understand the underlying complex parameters.