Battery System Second Electrolyte Injection for Capacity Recovery

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte solution by adding specific additives (such as vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, or lithium salt compounds) to modify the electrochemical properties. This parameter change suppresses side-reactions between the electrolyte and electrode surfaces, reducing capacity fade and internal resistance increase, thereby simultaneously extending cycle-life and maintaining performance stability over repeated charge-discharge cycles

The patent introduces intermediary substances (electrolyte additives) that act as mediators between the electrode and the main electrolyte solution. These additives form protective interface layers (SEI films) on the electrode surfaces, which mediate the interaction between the electrolyte and electrodes, preventing direct harmful side-reactions while still allowing lithium ion transport, thus improving both cycle-life and performance reliability

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-forming stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layers on the electrode surfaces through controlled initial charging cycles or by adding film-forming additives to the electrolyte. This preliminary formation process creates a protective barrier before significant degradation occurs, preventing subsequent electrolyte depletion and electrode material collapse, thereby delaying the increase in internal resistance and extending usable life

The patent employs consumable electrolyte additives that are gradually consumed during initial cycles to form protective layers. These additives act as sacrificial components that decompose preferentially to create stable SEI films, protecting the main electrolyte and electrode structures from degradation. This disposable approach allows the battery to achieve long-term power stability by sacrificing small amounts of additive material