Portable Battery Self-Heating Circuit for Low-Temperature Power
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Solution Overview
Problem
Battery packs experience significant degradation in high power output performance at low temperatures, and traditional heat management methods are inefficient and costly, failing to rapidly restore high power output capability within short time frames.
Innovation Solution
A portable device with a primary loop comprising a power resistor connected to the battery pack's terminals and a control unit that controls the loop's on/off, allowing for rapid self-heating through large current discharge, ensuring high power output capability within minutes without overdischarge or excessive temperature rise.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If external heating devices (heat management devices) are used to control battery pack temperature, then the battery pack can work at low temperatures, but the cost increases and heating efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The battery pack uses its own internal resistance to generate heat through controlled discharge, eliminating the need for external heating devices. The battery pack serves itself by converting its stored energy into thermal energy internally, thereby reducing device complexity and cost while maintaining temperature control capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the harmful effect of internal resistance (which causes energy loss during discharge) into a beneficial heating effect. By controlling the discharge current through the battery pack's internal resistance, the energy that would otherwise be wasted is transformed into useful heat to warm the battery pack at low temperatures.
2Temperature
If external heating is used to warm the battery pack before high power output, then the battery temperature rises, but the heating time is too long and energy is consumed
Solution Approach 1:
The battery pack performs self-heating by controlling its own discharge current through internal resistance, eliminating the need for external heating sources. This self-service approach reduces heating time significantly because the heat is generated directly within the battery cells rather than being transferred from an external source.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses periodic or pulsed discharge cycles to generate heat rapidly. By applying controlled current pulses during the warm-up phase, the battery pack can quickly raise its temperature without continuous energy input, thereby reducing overall heating time and energy consumption.
3Speed
If the battery pack discharges at low temperatures to generate heat, then the internal temperature rises rapidly, but the discharge current must be controlled to prevent overdischarge
Solution Approach 1:
The control unit continuously monitors the battery pack's temperature, voltage, and current, and adjusts the discharge current in real-time based on feedback from these parameters. When the temperature reaches the target range or when voltage approaches safe limits, the control unit automatically reduces or stops the discharge current, preventing overdischarge while maintaining rapid heating capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the discharge current based on real-time battery state. The current is not fixed but varies continuously according to temperature requirements and safety constraints, allowing the system to optimize between heating speed and safety throughout the warming process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device enables rapid self-heating of battery packs at low temperatures, restoring high power output capability within 1-2 minutes, while effectively controlling temperature rise and preventing overheating, thus meeting operational requirements such as vehicle startup conditions.
Implementation Method 1
the battery pack discharges at low temperatures through the power resistor so that an internal temperature of the battery pack rises
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a portable device for aiding low temperature high power output of a battery pack, the device including a primary loop and a control unit, in which: the primary loop is configured as a working loop of the battery pack and comprises a power resistor, herein two ends of the power resistor are electrically connected with the positive/negative terminal of the battery pack respectively, and the battery pack discharges at low temperatures through the power resistor so that an internal temperature of the battery pack rises; and the control unit is configured to control on/off of the primary loop.