Battery Sensor Shunt Calibration via Reference Resistor

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing battery sensors face challenges in accurately measuring current with low tolerance and high temperature drift, leading to increased power consumption and load on vehicle batteries due to the need for additional current pulses to detect high currents.

Innovation Solution

A battery sensor design that includes a measuring resistor and a reference resistor connected in parallel via a switch, allowing for calibration by alternately opening and closing the switch to calculate the resistance value without requiring a precise measuring resistor, thereby reducing power consumption by eliminating the need for additional current pulses.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If additional current pulses are generated to detect high currents with sufficient resolution, then measurement precision is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent measurement precisionVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic calibration cycles where the switch is alternately opened and closed at predetermined intervals to measure the actual resistance value of the measuring resistor. During normal operation, the switch remains closed and no additional current pulses are generated, thus avoiding increased power consumption while maintaining measurement precision through periodic calibration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses the existing current flow through the measuring resistor to perform self-calibration by measuring voltage drops during switch state changes. The calibration process utilizes the operational current itself rather than requiring external test signals, eliminating additional power requirements while maintaining measurement accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Measurement precision

If a highly stable measuring resistor material like copper-nickel-manganese alloy is used, then measurement precision and temperature stability are improved, but manufacturing cost and processing difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature stabilityVSAvoidprocessing difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the approach from relying on material parameter stability to using electrical parameter measurement and calculation. Instead of requiring stable resistor materials, the system measures voltage drops across the measuring resistor during known switch state transitions and calculates the actual resistance value, allowing use of easier-to-process materials while maintaining precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical/material solution (using special stable alloys) with an electrical measurement and calculation approach. The actual resistance value is determined through electrical measurements during calibration cycles rather than relying on inherent material stability, enabling use of conventional, easier-to-manufacture resistor materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Measurement precision

If the switch is opened and closed during calibration periods to measure voltage drops, then resistance calibration is achieved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresistance calibration accuracyVSAvoidswitching mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The switch serves multiple functions: it enables calibration by allowing open/closed state transitions for resistance measurement, and simultaneously acts as a normal circuit element during operational modes. This multi-functionality reduces overall device complexity compared to having separate calibration and operational switching mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The existing switch in the circuit is utilized for dual purposes - normal circuit operation and calibration functionality. The calibration process leverages the switch's inherent capability to change states, eliminating the need for separate calibration switching mechanisms and reducing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design enables accurate current measurement with reduced power consumption and thermal load, maintaining measurement precision across varying current ranges without the need for expensive, difficult-to-process materials like copper-nickel-manganese alloys.

Implementation Method 1

the current strength is typically determined via the voltage drop across the measuring resistor, which is realized when a current flows through the measuring resistor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage drop across resistor: Ohm's Law

Implementation Method 2

measuring the voltage drop across a sufficiently precise, known reference resistor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage drop measurement: Ohm's Law

Data Source

PatentEP3417305B1Battery sensor, method for calibrating a shunt resistor and use
Publication Date: 2021.01.20 CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH
  • EP3417305B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3417305B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3417305B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a battery sensor in which a voltage is measured via a shunt resistor with alternating parallel connection of a reference resistor. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding method and to a corresponding use.