Dual-Coated Battery Separator for Lithium Dendrite Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Batteries face reliability and service life issues due to the growth of dendrites during charging and discharging, which can cause internal short circuits and safety hazards.
Innovation Solution
A separator with a porous substrate coated on both sides, where one side includes a solid-state electrolyte for promoting lithium ion transmission and uniform deposition, and the other side includes inorganic particles to react with and consume dendrites, reducing their growth.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional separator is used, then the battery structure is simple, but dendrites grow during charging and discharging causing internal short circuits and reducing reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The separator is constructed as a composite material system consisting of a porous substrate layer and two functional coating layers. The first coating layer contains solid-state electrolyte particles that promote uniform lithium ion deposition, while the second coating layer contains inorganic particles that react with and consume dendrites. This multi-layer composite structure enhances battery reliability by addressing dendrite formation through multiple mechanisms without oversimplifying the design.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the separator have specialized functions tailored to local needs. The first coating layer facing the negative electrode is optimized for promoting uniform lithium ion deposition to prevent dendrite formation at the source. The second coating layer is optimized for reacting with and consuming dendrites that do form. This local differentiation of properties allows each region to address specific aspects of the dendrite problem, improving overall reliability.
2Reliability
If the first coating promotes uniform lithium ion flow, then internal short circuits are reduced, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The first coating layer uses solid-state electrolyte particles with specific parameters optimized for promoting uniform lithium ion deposition. By controlling particle size distribution, concentration, and material composition within defined ranges, the coating creates favorable local conditions for uniform lithium ion flow. This parameter optimization reduces internal short circuits while maintaining achievable manufacturing precision through controlled parameter specifications rather than requiring extreme precision in all aspects.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The separator enhances heat resistance, mechanical strength, and wettability, effectively reducing internal short circuits and extending battery life by promoting uniform lithium ion flow and timely consumption of dendrites.
Implementation Method 1
the first particle includes a solid-state electrolyte, and the content of the first particle in the first coating is greater than 50 wt %
Implementation Method 2
the second particle includes an inorganic particle capable of reacting with lithium dendrites, and the content of the second particle in the second coating is greater than 50 wt %
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides a separator, a battery and an electric device. The separator includes a porous base material, and a first coating and a second coating which are respectively located on the two surfaces of the porous base material; when the separator is used for a battery, the first coating faces a negative electrode, and the second coating faces a positive electrode; the first coating includes first particles, the first particles include a solid electrolyte, and the content of the first particles in the first coating is greater than 50 wt %; the second coating includes second particles, the second particles include inorganic particles capable of reacting with lithium dendrites, and the content of the second particles in the second coating is greater than 50 wt %.