Battery Separator Coating for Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption
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Solution Overview
Problem
Metal impurities in secondary batteries, such as lithium batteries, reduce reversible specific capacity and cause safety hazards like internal short circuits, local heat generation, and shortened cycle life due to their lower reduction potential and precipitation during charging and discharging.
Innovation Solution
A battery separator with a coating containing a magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent having a saturation adsorption capacity of 30-300 mg/g, which adsorbs heavy metal ions and generates a magnetic field to accelerate Li+ passage and uniform distribution, mitigating lithium dendrite formation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional battery separator is used, then the battery structure is simple and manufacturing is easy, but metal impurities cause reversible specific capacity reduction and safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining a base film with a coating layer containing magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbents. This composite structure provides both the mechanical function of the base film and the heavy metal adsorption function of the coating, resolving the contradiction between maintaining simple structure and improving battery safety against metal impurity contamination
Solution Approach 2:
The magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent acts as an intermediary substance that specifically targets and removes metal impurities from the battery environment. This intermediary component addresses the safety hazards caused by metal impurities without requiring fundamental changes to the entire battery system
2Reliability
If the saturation adsorption capacity of the magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent is increased, then heavy metal ion removal efficiency is improved, but the complexity of material selection and preparation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies a saturation adsorption capacity range of 30-300 mg/g for the magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent, optimizing the balance between adsorption performance and manufacturing feasibility. This parameter range ensures effective heavy metal removal while maintaining practical preparability through conventional methods
Solution Approach 2:
The coating layer is applied locally on the base film surface, concentrating the magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent where it is most needed for impurity removal. This localized application improves manufacturing efficiency by avoiding the need to treat the entire separator structure with complex materials
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified battery separator effectively adsorbs heavy metal ions, alleviating reversible specific capacity reduction and safety hazards, enhancing use safety and service life by preventing short circuits and lithium dendrite formation.
Implementation Method 1
the saturation adsorption capacity of the magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent is 30-300 mg/g
Implementation Method 2
the presence of a magnetic field on the surface of the battery separator can accelerate the speed of Li+
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The present application relates to the field of batteries, and discloses a battery separator and a manufacturing method therefor, a secondary battery, and an electric device. The battery separator comprises a base membrane and a coating provided on the surface of the base membrane. The material of the coating comprises a magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent. The saturated adsorption capacity of the magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent is 30-300 mg/g. According to the present application, by adding the magnetic heavy metal ion adsorbent into the coating of the battery separator, the coating capable of adsorbing heavy metal ions is arranged on the battery separator, so that the battery separator is modified, and the modified battery separator has a heavy metal adsorption function and can effectively adsorb heavy metal ion impurities.