Battery Cell Shell Weak-Area Venting for Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
The service life of battery cells is compromised due to mechanical weaknesses and the risk of thermal runaway, leading to potential explosions, as existing pressure relief mechanisms are unreliable and prone to damage during normal use.
Innovation Solution
A shell component with a groove part forming a non-weak and weak area, where the weak area is designed to be damaged during pressure release, with controlled thickness and grain size to enhance toughness and fatigue strength, ensuring timely pressure relief and reducing the risk of explosion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a weak area is created for pressure relief, then pressure relief function is improved, but the mechanical strength and service life are worsened due to damage during normal use
Solution Approach 1:
The shell component has different thickness in different areas: the weak area has minimum thickness A while the non-weak area has minimum thickness B, with A/B between 0.05 and 0.95. This local quality differentiation allows the weak area to be damaged for pressure relief while the non-weak area maintains structural strength during normal use.
Solution Approach 2:
The thickness parameter of the shell component is changed to create the weak area. By controlling the thickness ratio A/B within 0.05-0.95, the weak area becomes susceptible to damage for pressure relief while maintaining sufficient strength for normal operation, resolving the contradiction between pressure relief function and mechanical strength.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If the thickness of weak area is reduced for easier damage, then pressure relief timeliness is improved, but the fatigue strength and toughness are worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The thickness parameter A of the weak area is optimized to balance pressure relief timeliness and fatigue strength. The ratio A/B is controlled between 0.05 and 0.95, ensuring the weak area is thin enough for timely pressure relief but thick enough to maintain sufficient fatigue strength for normal battery operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves the mechanical properties of the weak area, enhancing its toughness and fatigue strength, thereby extending the service life of battery cells and ensuring timely pressure relief, reducing the risk of damage and explosion during thermal runaway.
Implementation Method 1
the shell component is provided with a groove part by press forming
Implementation Method 2
the weak area is configured to be damaged when the internal pressure of the battery cell is released
Data Source
AI summary
The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a shell component, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical equipment, which belongs to the battery technology field. The shell component includes a non-weak area and a weak area that are integrally formed, wherein the shell component is provided with a groove part by press forming, the non-weak area is formed around the groove part, the weak area is formed at the bottom of the groove part, and the weak area is configured to be damaged when the internal pressure of the battery cell is released. The minimum thickness of the weak area is A, and the minimum thickness of the non-weak area is B, satisfying 0.05≤A/B≤0.95.