Battery Cell Short-Circuit Induction for Repeatable Safety Evaluation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for evaluating the safety of lithium secondary batteries during internal short circuits are either costly, complex, or physically deform the battery cell, making them unsuitable for repeated use and accurate simulation of real-world conditions.
Innovation Solution
A battery cell with a short circuit induction member featuring a cover unit and magnetic units that can move within a magnetic field to induce internal short circuits without physically modifying the cell structure, allowing for controlled evaluation of safety without deformation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional methods (heating elements, chemical treatment, mechanical deformation) are used to induce internal short circuits, then short circuit evaluation can be performed, but the battery cell structure is physically deformed or modified, preventing repeated use and accurate simulation of real-world conditions
Solution Approach 1:
A short circuit induction member is introduced as an intermediary component between the positive and negative electrodes. This member includes a separator penetration portion that can physically contact and bridge the electrodes through the separator, and a magnetic unit that enables controlled movement. The intermediary member induces short circuits without deforming the battery cell structure, allowing repeated testing while accurately simulating real-world short circuit conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical deformation methods (nail penetration, crushing) with a magnetic field-based system. The magnetic unit responds to external magnetic fields, enabling precise control of the induction member's position and movement. This substitution eliminates the need for physical deformation of the battery cell while achieving the same short circuit induction effect, thereby preserving cell structure stability.
2Reliability
If heating elements or complex induction devices are inserted into the battery cell, then internal short circuits can be induced, but the device complexity and manufacturing cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts only the essential functional components needed for short circuit induction: a separator penetration portion and a magnetic unit. By removing unnecessary complex structures (heating elements, multiple mechanical components, chemical treatment systems), the design achieves simple construction while maintaining effective short circuit induction capability. The magnetic unit provides controlled movement without requiring complex mechanical actuation systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the control parameter from thermal or mechanical actuation to magnetic field control. The magnetic unit's position and movement are controlled by applying external magnetic fields, which simplifies the induction device structure. This parameter change eliminates the need for complex heating control systems or mechanical actuation mechanisms, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining induction effectiveness.
3Productivity
If the battery cell is physically deformed to induce short circuits, then safety evaluation can be performed, but repeated testing becomes impossible and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The induction member is designed with dynamic characteristics through the magnetic unit, which can be moved to and from contact positions with the electrodes by applying external magnetic fields. This dynamic design allows the same battery cell to be tested repeatedly - the induction member can be repositioned or removed between tests, preserving cell integrity and enabling high evaluation efficiency without sacrificing cell usability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables the induction of internal short circuits in various conditions without altering the battery cell's structure, simplifying the evaluation process, reducing costs, and allowing for repeated testing without physical changes to the cell.
Implementation Method 1
a short circuit induction member which is interposed between a perforated portion of the separator and at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and moves by a magnetic field applied from the outside
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to: a battery cell including a punched portion formed through a separator, and a short-circuit inducing member disposed on the punched portion; and a method for evaluating the safety of a battery under internal short-circuit conditions by using the battery cell. Using the battery cell of the present invention, the safety of a battery under internal short-circuit conditions can be easily evaluated without physical deformation or reassembly of the battery cell.