Secondary Battery Short-Circuit Induction Part for Explosion Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary batteries are prone to explosions due to internal short circuits during abnormal operations such as overheating, overcharging, or external short circuits, which can lead to safety issues.
Innovation Solution
A secondary battery design that includes a short-circuit induction part made of a shape memory alloy, which is integrated into the battery case and extends to contact electrode leads when a specific temperature is reached, inducing a short circuit to prevent explosion and ensure stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the separator contracts due to heat generation during abnormal operation, then the cathode and anode directly contact each other, but this leads to internal short circuit and possible explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The short-circuit induction part is pre-positioned on the sealing part of the battery case in a relaxed state. When abnormal temperature occurs, it automatically extends to contact the electrode leads, inducing a short circuit before thermal runaway can occur. This preliminary protective action prevents the harmful effect of uncontrolled internal short circuits.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the harmful short circuit phenomenon into a beneficial safety mechanism. By intentionally inducing a controlled short circuit through the short-circuit induction part, the battery prevents uncontrolled thermal runaway and explosion. The harmful short circuit is transformed into a protective function that sacrifices the electrode leads to save the entire battery system.
2Reliability
If high current flows during electrical malfunction, then thermal runaway occurs due to low thermal conductivity of the collector, but this leads to explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The short-circuit induction part acts as an intermediary protective element between the electrode leads and the thermal runaway process. When abnormal temperature occurs, it induces a short circuit that provides an alternative current path, preventing excessive heat accumulation in the collector and avoiding thermal runaway.
3Reliability
If no short-circuit induction part is present, then the battery structure is simpler, but the battery cannot prevent explosion during abnormal operation
Solution Approach 1:
The short-circuit induction part changes its physical state based on temperature parameters. At normal temperature, it remains in a relaxed state and does not affect battery operation. When abnormal temperature is detected, it transitions to an extended state to induce short circuit, providing temperature-dependent protection without affecting normal battery function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents explosions by inducing a short circuit between electrode leads during abnormal operations, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the battery.
Implementation Method 1
A secondary battery design that includes a short-circuit induction part made of a shape memory alloy, which is integrated into the battery case and extends to contact electrode leads when a specific temperature is reached
Data Source
AI summary
A secondary battery includes an electrode assembly formed by alternately stacking an electrode and a separator; a battery case that accommodates the electrode assembly therein; a plurality of electrode tabs protruding from the electrode assembly; a plurality of electrode leads, each of which has one end connected to one of the plurality of electrode tabs and another end protruding to an outside of the battery case; and a short-circuit induction part which has a wire shape, wherein ends of the short-circuit induction part are respectively disposed on a sealing part of the battery case that seals the plurality of electrode leads in the battery case, and wherein the ends of the short-circuit induction part are configured to respectively extend toward the plurality of electrode leads to contact the plurality of electrode leads when reaching a specific temperature.