Battery Short-Circuit Protector with Protruding Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing secondary battery modules lack effective mechanisms to safely manage internal pressure increases, such as those caused by overcharge, which can lead to short circuits and damage to adjacent batteries.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a first short-circuit member that protrudes outwardly from the case when internal pressure exceeds a preset threshold, and a second short-circuit member that contacts the first when it protrudes, creating a bypass route for over-currents to external terminals, thereby protecting adjacent batteries and allowing for controlled charging interruption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a pressure relief mechanism is added to the battery case, then internal pressure safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cap plate is designed to serve multiple functions: it seals the case opening, provides mounting for electrode terminals, and incorporates the pressure relief function through the integrated first short-circuit member. This multi-functionality approach adds pressure safety without significantly increasing overall device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The first short-circuit member is nested within the cap plate structure, with the inversion plate contained within the cylindrical body that penetrates the cap plate. This nested arrangement allows the pressure relief mechanism to be integrated into the existing case structure rather than adding separate external components.
2Reliability
If a bypass route for over-current is created, then protection of adjacent batteries is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The second short-circuit member acts as an intermediary element that receives the protruding first short-circuit member and provides a controlled bypass path for over-current. This intermediary structure allows abnormal current to be diverted to external terminals without directly affecting adjacent batteries, while maintaining a relatively simple electrical connection architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The bypass function is extracted from the main battery cell structure and implemented through separate first and second short-circuit members that operate independently. This extraction allows the protection mechanism to be added without complicating the core battery electrical connections.
3Measurement precision
If an inversion plate is added to the short-circuit member, then pressure detection capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The inversion plate changes its physical state (from inverted to protruding) in response to pressure parameter changes inside the case. This simple geometric transformation provides pressure detection capability without requiring complex sensors or measurement systems. The plate's position change directly indicates when internal pressure exceeds safe levels.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the safety and stability of the battery module by diverting over-currents away from other batteries during events like overcharge, reducing the risk of damage and improving durability without the need for fuses.
Implementation Method 1
a first short-circuit member electrically connected to the electrode terminal, the first short-circuit member configured to protrude outwardly from the case when an internal pressure of the case exceeds a preset pressure
Implementation Method 2
a second short-circuit member overlapping the first short-circuit member of at least one of the plurality of secondary batteries, the second short-circuit member contacting the first short-circuit member when the first short-circuit member protrudes outwardly from the case
Data Source
AI summary
A secondary battery module includes a plurality of secondary batteries, and each of the secondary batteries includes an electrode assembly, a case accommodating the electrode assembly, an electrode terminal electrically connected to the electrode assembly, a first short-circuit member electrically connected to the electrode terminal, and the first short-circuit member is configured to protrude outwardly from the case when an internal pressure of the case exceeds a preset pressure. The secondary battery module also includes a connecting member electrically connecting electrode terminals of adjacent ones of the secondary batteries, and a second short-circuit member overlapping the first short-circuit member of at least one of the plurality of secondary batteries such that the second short-circuit member contacts the first short-circuit member when the first short-circuit member protrudes outwardly from the case.