Secondary Battery External Short Induction Kit for Needle Penetration Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary batteries face instability and risk of explosion when penetrated by sharp needle-shaped objects due to electrical conductivity causing shorts between electrodes, leading to internal current flow and potential ignition or explosion.
Innovation Solution
A secondary battery design incorporating an external short induction kit with conductive members, connectors, and an insulation layer, where the insulation layer comprises an air layer, is used to protect the battery by inducing a compulsory external short, limiting internal current flow and preventing voltage and energy spikes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a penetrating material with high electrical conductivity penetrates the secondary battery, then current flows internally causing short between electrodes, but this leads to deterioration, ignition or explosion phenomenon
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-installing a conductive member and insulation layer structure within the secondary battery before any penetration occurs. When a needle-shaped object penetrates, it contacts the conductive member first, which is already positioned to intercept the penetration path. The insulation layer is pre-placed between conductive members to prevent short circuits before they can occur between electrodes, thus preventing the harmful short phenomenon in advance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses an intermediary approach by introducing a conductive member as a mediator between the penetrating needle-shaped object and the battery electrodes. This conductive member, combined with the insulation layer, acts as an intermediate layer that intercepts and controls the electrical pathway. Instead of allowing direct contact between the penetrating object and electrodes (causing harmful shorts), the intermediary structure channels and controls the electrical flow safely.
2Reliability
If current flows internally due to short between electrodes, then energy is released, but this causes ignition or explosion phenomenon
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the blessing in disguise principle by converting the potentially harmful penetration event into a beneficial safety mechanism. When a needle-shaped object penetrates the battery, the pre-installed conductive member and insulation layer structure converts this harmful intrusion into a controlled external short circuit. This controlled short safely dissipates energy that would otherwise cause internal heating, ignition, or explosion, thus turning the harmful penetration into a protective action.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements beforehand cushioning by pre-positioning the conductive member and insulation layer to cushion against the harmful effects of penetration before they can reach the electrodes. The insulation layer acts as a cushioning barrier that absorbs and redirects the penetration energy, preventing direct contact between the penetrating object and battery components that could lead to thermal runaway, ignition, or explosion.
3Reliability
If an insulation layer with ceramic material is coated to improve stability against needle-shaped penetration, then basic stability is improved, but the method may not obtain basic stability easily as battery size and energy density increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the protection structure into distinct functional components: a conductive member segment and an insulation layer segment. Instead of using a single complex coated layer, the protection system is segmented into separate elements that work together - the conductive member intercepts the penetration and the insulation layer prevents short circuits. This segmented approach simplifies the overall structure while maintaining effectiveness, especially for larger batteries with higher energy density.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The external short induction kit effectively stabilizes the battery by lowering voltage and energy when penetrated, preventing ignition and explosion, thereby enhancing safety and stability.
Implementation Method 1
an insulation layer interposed between the first conductive member and the second conductive member, wherein the insulation layer comprises an air layer
Implementation Method 2
a first conductive member; a first connector connecting the first conductive member and a positive electrode of the unit battery; a second conductive member; a second connector connecting the second conductive member and a negative electrode of the unit battery
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to an electrical element having a novel structure whereby safety is improved, and, more specifically, relates to an electrical element having a novel structure adapted to solve problems such as heat generation, ignition or explosion which can happen due to factors such as penetration of the electrical element by sharp, needle-shaped objects.